cardiovascularКардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактикаCardiovascular Therapy and Prevention1728-88002619-0125«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLCcardiovascular-1303Research ArticleМНЕНИЕ ПО ПРОБЛЕМЕOPINION ON A PROBLEMНемедикаментозное снижение гиперхолестеринемии растительными станолами при потреблении обогащенных ими пищевых продуктовNon-pharmaceutical hypercholesterolemia management by plant stanol-enriched product consumptionПероваН. В.PerovaN. V.Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Росздрава. МоскваState Research Center for Preventive Medicine, State Federal Agency for Health and Social Development. Moscow200620102006556469Copyright © Перова Н.В., 20062006Перова Н.В.Perova N.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1303

Фитостеролы и фитостанолы – растительные аналоги холестерина (ХС), обладающие способностью конкурентно ингибировать абсорбцию ХС эндотелиальными клетками кишечника и, вследствие этого, снижать уровень ХС в плазме крови. Сами стеролы, и в большей степени станолы, абсорбируются в кишечнике в значительно меньшей степени, чем ХС, и имеют значительно меньшую концентрацию в плазме крови, чем ХС. Известно, что редкие случаи гиперхолестеринеми, например, генетически обусловленная гиперситостеролемия, связаны с повышенным риском ишемической болезни сердца. Этой опасности лишены станолы. Создание хорошо растворимых в липидной среде эфиров станолов помогло использовать их для насыщения таких пищевых продуктов, как спреды, йогурт, кефир, молоко и др. (общее торговое название Benecol, Финская компания Raisio), потребление которых в физиологических количествах обеспечивает потребление эфиров станолов в дозах 1,5-2,0 г/сут. Потребление станолов в таких количествах приводит к снижению уровня ХС и ХС липопротеидов низкой плотности на 10-15% дополнительно к эффектам, достигнутым на гиполипидемической диете, и может быть использовано для профилактики и лечения атерогенной гиперхолестеринемии.

Phytosterols and phytostanols are plant analogs of cholesterol, inhibiting cholesterol (XCH) absorption by intestine epithelium and, therefore, decreasing CH blood levels. Sterols and especially stanols are absorbed in the intestine to a much lesser extent than CH, and their plasma concentrations are also less than those of CH. It is known that rare cases of hypercholesterolemia, e.g., genetic hypersitosterolemia, are linked to increased coronary heart disease risk. For stanols, there is no evidence of such a risk. Development of lipid-dissolving stanol esters provided an opportunity to enrich various foods (spreads, yogurts, milk, etc.; trade mark Benecol, Raisio Company, Finland) with physiological stanol ester doses (1,5-2,0 g/d). Stanol consumption results in CH and low-density lipoprotein CH level decrease by 10-15%, in addition to low-lipid diet effects, and therefore could be used for prevention and treatment of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.