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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2019-5-80-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2309</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Образовательный статус и характер питания взрослого населения РФ. Результаты эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational and nutritional status of the adult population of the Russian Federation. The results of an epidemiological study ESSE-RF</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-712X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамнова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamnova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карамнова Наталья Станиславовна — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории эпидемиологии питания отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва, тел.: +7 (995) 997-76-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkaramnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Сергей Алексеевич — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smaksimov@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шальнова Светлана Алексеевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sshalnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баланова Юлия Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jbalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Асия Эмверовна — кандидат медицинских наук, старшій научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aimaeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-3941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муромцева Галина Аркадьевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gmuromtseva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капустина Анна Владимировна — старшій научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akapustina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евстифеева Светлана Евгеньевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старшій научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sevstifeeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евстифеева Светлана Евгеньевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старшій научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p><p>on behalf of the participants in the study of ESSE-RF</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">odrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины” Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карамнова Н.С., Максимов С.А., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Имаева А.Э., Муромцева Г.А., Капустина А.В., Евстифеева С.Е., Драпкина О.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карамнова Н.С., Максимов С.А., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Имаева А.Э., Муромцева Г.А., Капустина А.В., Евстифеева С.Е., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karamnova N.S., Maksimov S.A., Shalnova S.A., Balanova Y.A., Imaeva A.E., Muromtseva G.A., Kapustina A.V., Evstifeeva S.E., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2309">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2309</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить различия в характере питания взрослого населения РФ в зависимости от образовательного ценза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В анализ включены результаты обследования представительных выборок из неорганизованного мужского и женского населения в возрасте 25-64 лет (n=19520 человек, из них — 7329 мужчин и 12191 женщина) из 13 регионов РФ. Характер питания оценивался по частоте потребления основных групп продуктов и отдельным пищевым привычкам (досаливание, использование животных жиров в приготовлении).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У мужчин высокого образовательного ценза выше потребление сырых овощей и фруктов — на 20%, молочных продуктов — на 14%, в т.ч. сыра — на 15%. Также отмечается более низкое потребление мясоколбасных изделий — на 17%, солений — на 12% и птицы — на 11%. Реже привычка досаливания — на 18% и использование животных жиров в приготовлении пищи — на 10%, чаще потребление низкожировых и обезжиренных молочных продуктов — на 22%, а также сахара в сырьевом виде в количестве, не превышающем 5% от суточной калорийности — на 21%. В уровне потребления красного мяса, круп и макаронных изделий, бобовых, сладостей, творога, сметаны и сливок не выявлено значимых отличий с мужчинами иного статуса образования. Женщины высокого образовательного статуса чаще включают в ежедневный рацион овощи и фрукты — на 14%, молочные продукты — на 18%, в т.ч. сыр — на 15%. Реже потребляют сливочное масло — на 12%, а также продукты с высоким содержанием соли: мясоколбасные изделия — на 22% и соления, маринады — на 15%. Россиянки с образованием “выше среднего” реже досаливают пищу — на 14% и используют животные жиры в приготовлении пищи — на 14%, чаще выбирают низкожировые и обезжиренные молочные продукты — на 21%. В уровне потребления красного мяса, круп и макаронных изделий, бобовых, сметаны и сливок не было отмечено различий.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У лиц с высоким образовательным цензом без гендерных различий в российской популяции отмечается более про-тективный характер питания, по сравнению с лицами, имеющих низкий образовательный статус.</p><p>Участники исследования ЭССЕ-РФ и соавторы статьи: Москва: Жернакова Ю. В., Бойцов С. А., Санкт-Петербург: Ротарь О. П., Владивосток: Кулакова Н. В., Невзорова В. А., Владикавказ: Астахова З.Т., Вологда: Шабунова А. А., Волгоград: Недогода С. В., Воронеж: Черных Т. М., Иваново: Белова О. А., Кемерово: Артамонова Г. В., Индукаева Е. В., Красноярск: Гринштейн Ю. И., Петрова М. М., Оренбург: ЛибисР. А., Самара: Дупляков Д. В., Томск: Трубачева И. А., Кавешников В. С., Серебрякова В. Н., Тюмень: Ефанов А. Ю., Медведева И. В., Шалаев С. В.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Educational status affects the nature of nutrition.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the differences in the nutrition pattern of the adult population of the Russian Federation, depending on the educational qualification.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The analysis includes the results of a survey of representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (19,520 people, of which 7,329 men and 12,191 women) from 13 regions of the Russian Federation. The nature of the diet was evaluated by the frequency of consumption of the main groups of products and individual eating habits (supplementation, the use of animal fats in cooking).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Men of high literacy have higher consumption of raw vegetables and fruits — by 20%, dairy products — by 14%, including cheese — by 15%. There is also a lower consumption of meat and sausage products — by 17%, pickles — by 12% and poultry — by 11%. Less commonly, there is an adding more salt habit — by 18% and the use of animal fats in cooking — by 10%, more often — the consumption of low-fat and non-fat dairy products — by 22%, as well as raw sugar in an amount not exceeding 5% of the daily calorie content — by 21% The level of consumption of red meat, cereals and pasta, legumes, sweets, cottage cheese, sour cream and cream showed no significant differences with men of a different educational status. Women of high educational status more often include vegetables and fruits in their daily diet — by 14%, dairy products — by 18%, including cheese — by 15%. Less often they consume butter — by 12%, as well as foods with a high salt content: meat and sausage products — by 22% and pickles, marinades — by 15%. Russians with “above average” education are less likely to add more salt — by 14% and use animal fats in cooking — by 14%, more often they choose low-fat and nonfat dairy products — by 21%. In the level of consumption of red meat, cereals and pasta, legumes, sour cream and cream, there were no differences.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. People with a high literacy in the Russian population regardless of gender differences have a more protective diet compared to people with a low educational status.</p><p>ESSE-RF study participants and article co-authors: Moscow: Zhernakova Yu. V., Boytsov S. A., St. Petersburg: Rotar O. P., Vladivostok: Kulakova N. V., Nevzorova V. A., Vladikavkaz: Astakhova Z. T., Vologda: Shabunova A. A., Volgograd: Nedogoda S. V., Voronezh: Chernykh T. M., Ivanovo: Belova O. A., Kemerovo: Artamonova G. V., Indukaeva E. V., Krasnoyarsk: Grinshtein Yu. I., Petrova M. M., Orenburg: Libis R. A., Samara: Duplyakov D. V., Tomsk: Trubacheva I. A., Kaveshnikov V. S., Serebryakova V. N., Tyumen: Efanov A. Yu., Medvedeva I. V., Shalaev S. V.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модель питания</kwd><kwd>характер питания</kwd><kwd>пищевые привычки</kwd><kwd>образовательный статус</kwd><kwd>образование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>eating patterns</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd><kwd>eating habits</kwd><kwd>educational status</kwd><kwd>education</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vlismas K, Stavrinos V, Panagiotakos DB. Socio-economic status, dietary habits and health-related outcomes in various parts of the world: a review. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2009;17(2):55-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlismas K, Stavrinos V, Panagiotakos DB. Socio-economic status, dietary habits and health-related outcomes in various parts of the world: a review. 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