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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2452</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2452</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Приверженность к здоровому образу жизни в российской популяции в зависимости от социально-демографических характеристик населения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adherence to a healthy lifestyle of the Russian population depending on the socio-demographics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шальнова Светлана Анатольевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sshalnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Сергей Алексеевич — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва, Тел.: +7 (985) 333-02-61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m1979sa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баланова Юлия Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">JBalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евстифеева Светлана Евгеньевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SEvstifeeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Асия Эмверовна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AImaeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капустина Анна Владимировна — старший научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AKapustina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-712X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамнова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamnova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карамнова Наталья Станиславовна — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории эпидемиологии питания отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NKaramnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-3941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муромцева Галина Аркадьевна — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GMuromtseva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-2722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викторова Инна Анатольевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней и поликлинической терапии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">innaviktorova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прищепа</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prishchepa</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прищепа Наталья Николаевна — заведующий Центром</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natprishhepa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-1599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Редько</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Redko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Редько Андрей Николаевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общественного здоровья, здравоохранения и истории медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dphksmu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-742X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушин Сергей Степанович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсом медико-социальной экспертизы.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.yakushin@rzgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ODrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины” Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Омский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр медицинской профилактики Республики Карелия</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center of Medical Preventive Maintenance</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Кубанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>2452</fpage><lpage>2452</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шальнова С.А., Максимов С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Имаева А.Э., Капустина А.В., Карамнова Н.С., Муромцева Г.А., Викторова И.А., Прищепа Н.Н., Редько А.Н., Якушин С.С., Драпкина О.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шальнова С.А., Максимов С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Имаева А.Э., Капустина А.В., Карамнова Н.С., Муромцева Г.А., Викторова И.А., Прищепа Н.Н., Редько А.Н., Якушин С.С., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shalnova S.A., Maksimov S.A., Balanova Y.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Imaeva A.E., Kapustina А.V., Karamnova N.S., Muromtseva G.A., Viktorova I.A., Prishchepa N.N., Redko A.N., Yakushin S.S., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2452">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2452</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить зависимость приверженности населения к здоровому образу жизни (ЗОЖ) от социально-демографических характеристик с последующим сравнительным анализом приверженности по данным ЭССЕ-РФ-1 (Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в регионах Российской Федерации) и ЭССЕ-РФ-2 (Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в регионах Российской Федерации. Второе исследование).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Работа выполнена в рамках многоцентрового эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ-2 в 4 регионах России (n=5897). В качестве компонентов ЗОЖ рассматривали отсутствие курения, достаточное потребление овощей и фруктов, потребление соли, достаточную физическую активность, невысокий уровень потребления алкоголя. По совокупности компонентов выделяли “высокую”, “удовлетворительную” и “низкую” приверженность к ЗОЖ. Из социально-демографических характеристик рассматривали пол, возраст, регион проведения исследования, место проживания (город/село), семейное положение, уровень образования, доход. С целью сравнительного анализа с результатами других исследований проводили стандартизацию исходных частот категорий приверженности к ЗОЖ по Европейскому возрастному стандарту 1976г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исходные показатели приверженности к ЗОЖ составили: высокая приверженность — 21,9%, удовлетворительная — 34,5%, низкая — 43,6%. Распространенность компонентов низкой приверженности в порядке убывания: избыточное потребление соли (50,5%), недостаточное потребление овощей и фруктов (37,5%), курение (22,7%), недостаточная физическая активность (19,6%), чрезмерное употребление алкоголя (4,9%). Высокая приверженность к ЗОЖ ассоциируется с женским полом, более старшим возрастом, проживанием в городе, высоким образовательным статусом, отсутствием семьи. Кроме того, выявлены эффекты сочетанного влияния социально-демографических характеристик на приверженность к ЗОЖ, в частности, высокий образовательный статус в зависимости от других характеристик (пол, возраст, проживание в городе/ селе) ведет себя и как протективный, и как негативный фактор. Сравнительный анализ данных ЭССЕ-РФ-1 и ЭССЕ-РФ-2 показал существенные различия в распространенности приверженности к ЗОЖ, что может являться следствием как методических особенностей двух исследований, так и истинным изменением приверженности к ЗОЖ в российской популяции за изучаемый временной период.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокая приверженность к ЗОЖ выявляется лишь у каждого пятого из взрослого населения обследованных регионов. Низкий уровень приверженности ассоциируется с рядом социально-демографических характеристик населения и определяется преимущественно высокой частотой “нездорового” питания среди населения и, в меньшей мере, распространенностью недостаточной физической активности и курения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the relationship of the population’s adherence to a healthy lifestyle (HLS) with socio-demographics and to carry out a comparative analysis of adherence according to ESSE-RF-1 and ESSE-RF-2 studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This study was conducted as part of a multicenter epidemiological study ESSE-RF-2 in 4 regions of Russia (n=5897). The following components of HLS were considered: non-smoking, adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables, salt intake, regular physical activity, and low alcohol consumption. According to the combination of components, “high”, “adequate” and “low” adherence to HLS were distinguished. The socio-demographics included gender, age, region, residence (urban/rural), marital status, educational status, income. To compare the results with other studies, the data obtained were standardized according to the 1976 European Standard Population age structure.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Initial data on adherence to healthy lifestyle were as follows: high adherence — 21,9%, adequate — 34,5%, low — 43,6%. We observed the following prevalence of low adherence components: excessive salt intake (50,5%), insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables (37,5%), smoking (22,7%), low physical activity (19,6%), excessive alcohol consumption (4,9%). High adherence to HLS was associated with female gender, older age, urban residence, high educational status, absence of family. In addition, the combined effects of socio-demographics on adherence to HLS were revealed. In particular, we analyzed the effect of high educational status with other characteristics (gender, age, residence), which acted both as a protective and negative factor. A comparative analysis of ESSE-RF-1 and ESSE-RF-2 data showed significant differences in the prevalence of adherence to HLS, which may be due to both methodological differences of studies and a true change in adherence to HLS.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. High adherence to HLS is detected only in every fifth adult of the studied regions. Low adherence to HLS is associated with a number of socio-demographic characteristics of the population and is specified mainly by the high prevalence of unhealthy diet and, to a lesser extent, low physical activity and smoking.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>здоровый образ жизни</kwd><kwd>приверженность</kwd><kwd>вредные привычки</kwd><kwd>социальные характеристики</kwd><kwd>российская популяция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthy lifestyle</kwd><kwd>adherence</kwd><kwd>bad health habits</kwd><kwd>social characteristics</kwd><kwd>Russian population</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы благодарят участников исследования: Алексеенко С. Н., Губарев С. В. (Краснодар); Ливзан М. А., Гришечкина И. А., Рожкова М. Ю. (Омск); ВезиковаН. Н., СкопецИ. С. (Карелия); Филиппов Е. В., Добрынина Н. В., Никулина Н. Н., Переверзева К. Г., Мосейчук К. А. (Рязань). Без их энтузиазма и настойчивости было бы невозможно получить результаты</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors are grateful to the study participants: Alekseenko S. N., Gubarev S.V. (Krasnodar); Livzan M. A., Grishechkina I.A., Rozhkova M. Yu. (Omsk); Vezikova N. N., Skopets I. S. (Karelia); Filippov E. V., Dobrynina N. V., Nikulina N. N., Pereverzeva K. G., Mosey-chuk K. A. (Ryazan)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loef M, Walach H. The combined effects of healthy lifestyle behaviors on all cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med. 2012;55(3):163-70. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.06.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loef M, Walach H. The combined effects of healthy lifestyle behaviors on all cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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