cardiovascularКардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактикаCardiovascular Therapy and Prevention1728-88002619-0125«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2561cardiovascular-2561Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEW ARTICLESПрименение теста с шестиминутной ходьбой в кардиореабилитацииSix-minute walk test in cardiac rehabilitationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2250-5942БубноваМ. Г.BubnovaM. G.

Марина Геннадьевна Бубнова — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела реабилитации и вторичной профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний 

SPIN:6733-1430

Москва

mbubnova@gnicpm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-5327Персиянова-ДуброваА. Л.Persiyanova-DubrovaA. L.

Анна Леонидовна Персиянова-Дуброва— кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник

SPIN: 2134-9520

Москва

apersiyanova@gnicpm.ruФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive MedicineФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine20201307202019425612561Copyright © Бубнова М.Г., Персиянова-Дуброва А.Л., 20202020Бубнова М.Г., Персиянова-Дуброва А.Л.Bubnova M.G., Persiyanova-Dubrova A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2561

Six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple and safe tool for assessing exercise tolerance in  various  categories  of  patients.  Currently,  6MWT  is  used to assess the functional status of a patient and determine the strategy of increasing physical activity, primarily in patients with reduced exercise tolerance and contraindications for cardiopulmonary exercise  test. The basic requirements for the 6MWT are presented, taking into account the factors affecting its  informativeness  and  accuracy,  as  well  as the interpretation of results. The diagnostic and prognostic value of 6MWT in different categories of patients are discussed. The prospects for 6MWT use in cardiac rehabilitation for planning rehabilitation program, prescribing exercises,  determining  the  risk   of   complications,   and   evaluating the effectiveness  are  considered.  The  limitations  of  6MWT  and  ways to overcome it, as well as directions for further research are presented.

тест с шестиминутной ходьбойкардиологическая реабилитациянагрузочный тестфизические тренировкифизическая работоспособность.six-minute walk testcardiac rehabilitationexercise testexercisesphysical performanceReferencesАронов Д. М., Лупанов В. П. Функциональные пробы в кардиологии. М.: МЕДпрессинформ, 2002. с. 296. ISBN 5-901712-16-1.Aronov DM, Lupanov VP. Cardiac Functional Test. M.: MEDpressinform, 2002. р. 296. (In Russ.)American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 9 th ed. Baltimor, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014: р. 482. ISBN: 978-160913-605-5.American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 9 th ed. Baltimor, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014: р. 482. ISBN: 978-160913-605-5.Аронов Д. М., Бубнова М. Г., Барбараш О. Л. и др. Острый инфаркт миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST электрокардиограммы: реабилитация и вторичная профилактика. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2015;(1):652. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2015-1-6-52.Aronov DM, Bubnova MG, Barbarash OL, et al. Acute st elevation myocardial infarction: aftercare and secondary prevention. National Russian Guidelines. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2015;(1):6-52. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2015-1-6-52.O’Neil S, Thomas A, Ryan PM, et al. Exercise Prescription Techniques in Cardiac Rehabilitation Centers in Midwest States. J Clin Exercise Physiol. 2018;7(1):8-14. doi:10.31189/2165-6193-7.1.8.O’Neil S, Thomas A, Ryan PM, et al. Exercise Prescription Techniques in Cardiac Rehabilitation Centers in Midwest States. J Clin Exercise Physiol. 2018;7(1):8-14. doi:10.31189/2165-6193-7.1.8.Reeves GR, Gupta S, Forman DE. Evolving Role of Exercise Testing in Contemporary Cardiac Rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2016;36(5):309-19. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000176.Reeves GR, Gupta S, Forman DE. Evolving Role of Exercise Testing in Contemporary Cardiac Rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2016;36(5):309-19. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000176.Roberts E, Li F, Sykes K. Validity of the 6-minute walk test for assessing heart rate recovery after an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programme. Physiotherapy. 2006;92:116-21. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2005.06.005.Roberts E, Li F, Sykes K. Validity of the 6-minute walk test for assessing heart rate recovery after an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programme. Physiotherapy. 2006;92:116-21. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2005.06.005.Александров П. В., Перепеч Н. Б., Мисюра О.Ф. Толерантность к физической нагрузке и умственная работоспособность пациентов на втором этапе реабилитации после операции аортокоронарного шунтирования. Cardioсоматика. 2017;3;16-21. doi:10.26442/2221-7185-8.3.16-21.Aleksandrov PV, Perepech NB, Misiura OF. Tolerance to physical activity and mental performance of patients in the second stage of rehabilitation after aortocoronary bypass surgery. Cardiosomatics. 2017;8(3):16-21. (In Russ.). doi:10.26442/2221-7185-8.3.16-21.Помешкина С. А., Локтионова Е. Б., Еремина О. А. и др. Длительные физические тренировки у пациентов, подвергшихся коронарному шунтированию: проблемы и перспективы. Сибирский медицинский журнал. 2014;4:39-44.Pomeshkina SA, Loktionova EB, Eremina OA, et al. Long physical trainings in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting: problems and prospects. Siberian Medical Journal. 2014;4:39-44. (In Russ.)Kadikar A, Maurer J, Kesten S. The six-minute walk test: a guide to assessment for lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1997;16:313-9.Kadikar A, Maurer J, Kesten S. The six-minute walk test: a guide to assessment for lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1997;16:313-9.Guyatt GH, Sullivan MJ, Thompson PJ. The 6-minute walk: a new measure of exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure. Can Med Assoc J. 1985;132:919-23.Guyatt GH, Sullivan MJ, Thompson PJ. The 6-minute walk: a new measure of exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure. Can Med Assoc J. 1985;132:919-23.Faggiano P, D’Aloia A, Gualeni A, et al. The 6 minute walking test in chronic heart failure: indications, interpretation and limitations from a review of the literature. Eur J Heart Fail. 2004;6:687-91. doi:10.1016/j.ejheart.2003.11.024.Faggiano P, D’Aloia A, Gualeni A, et al. The 6 minute walking test in chronic heart failure: indications, interpretation and limitations from a review of the literature. Eur J Heart Fail. 2004;6:687-91. doi:10.1016/j.ejheart.2003.11.024.Balsam LB. Psoas muscle area: a new standard for frailty assessment in cardiac surgery? J Thorac Dis. 2018;10(Suppl 33):S3846-9. doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.10.96.Balsam LB. Psoas muscle area: a new standard for frailty assessment in cardiac surgery? J Thorac Dis. 2018;10(Suppl 33):S3846-9. doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.10.96.ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the sixminute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111-7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102.ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the sixminute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111-7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102.Casillas JM, Hannequin A, Besson D, et al. Walking tests during the exercise training: specific use for the cardiac rehabilitation. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2013;56(7-8):561-75. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2013.09.003.Casillas JM, Hannequin A, Besson D, et al. Walking tests during the exercise training: specific use for the cardiac rehabilitation. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2013;56(7-8):561-75. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2013.09.003.Fiorina C, Vizzardi E, Lorusso R, et al. The 6-min walking test early after cardiac surgery. Reference values and the effects of rehabilitation program. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007;32(5):7249. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.08.013.Fiorina C, Vizzardi E, Lorusso R, et al. The 6-min walking test early after cardiac surgery. Reference values and the effects of rehabilitation program. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007;32(5):7249. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.08.013.Singh SJ, Puhan MA, Andrianopoulos V, et al. An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(6):1447-78. doi:10.1183/09031936.00150414.Singh SJ, Puhan MA, Andrianopoulos V, et al. An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(6):1447-78. doi:10.1183/09031936.00150414.Faggiano P, D’Aloia A, Gualeni A, et al. Assessment of oxygen uptake during the 6-minute walking test in patients with heart failure: preliminary experience with a portable device. Am Heart J. 1997;134:203-6. doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(97)70125-x.Faggiano P, D’Aloia A, Gualeni A, et al. Assessment of oxygen uptake during the 6-minute walking test in patients with heart failure: preliminary experience with a portable device. Am Heart J. 1997;134:203-6. doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(97)70125-x.Wu G, Sanderson B, Bittner V. The 6-minute walk test: how important is the learning effect? Am Heart J. 2003;146(1):129-33. doi:10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00119.Wu G, Sanderson B, Bittner V. The 6-minute walk test: how important is the learning effect? Am Heart J. 2003;146(1):129-33. doi:10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00119.Salbach NM, O’Brien KK, Brooks D, et al. Reference values for standardized tests of walking speed and distance: a systematic review. GaitPosture. 2015;41(2):341-60. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.10.002.Salbach NM, O’Brien KK, Brooks D, et al. Reference values for standardized tests of walking speed and distance: a systematic review. GaitPosture. 2015;41(2):341-60. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.10.002.Opasich C, De Feo S, Pinna GD, et al. Distance walked in the 6-minute test soon after cardiac surgery: toward an efficient use in the individual patient. Chest. 2004;126(6):1796-801. doi:10.1378/chest.126.6.1796.Opasich C, De Feo S, Pinna GD, et al. Distance walked in the 6-minute test soon after cardiac surgery: toward an efficient use in the individual patient. Chest. 2004;126(6):1796-801. doi:10.1378/chest.126.6.1796.Yap J, Lim FY, Gao F, et al. Correlation of the New York heart association classification and the 6-minute walk distance: a systematic review. ClinCardiol. 2015;38:621-8. doi:10.1002/ clc.22468.Yap J, Lim FY, Gao F, et al. Correlation of the New York heart association classification and the 6-minute walk distance: a systematic review. ClinCardiol. 2015;38:621-8. doi:10.1002/clc.22468.Bohannon RW. Six-minute walk test. A meta-analysis of data from apparently healthy Elders. Top Geriartr Rehabil. 2007;23(2):15560. doi:10.1097/01.TGR.0000270184.98402.ef.Bohannon RW. Six-minute walk test. A meta-analysis of data from apparently healthy Elders. Top Geriartr Rehabil. 2007;23(2):15560. doi:10.1097/01.TGR.0000270184.98402.ef.Enright PL, Sherrill DL. Reference equations for the six-minute walk in healthy adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;158:13847. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9710086.Enright PL, Sherrill DL. Reference equations for the six-minute walk in healthy adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;158:13847. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9710086.Troosters T, Gosselink R, Decramer M. Six-minute walking distance in healthy elderly subjects. Eur Respir J 1999;1:270-4. doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14b06.x.Troosters T, Gosselink R, Decramer M. Six-minute walking distance in healthy elderly subjects. Eur Respir J 1999;1:270-4. doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14b06.x.Gayda M, Temfemo A, Choquet D, Ahmaidi S. Cardiorespiratory requirements and reproducibility of the six-minute walk test in elderly patients with coronary artery disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004; 85:1538-43. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2003.11.037.Gayda M, Temfemo A, Choquet D, Ahmaidi S. Cardiorespiratory requirements and reproducibility of the six-minute walk test in elderly patients with coronary artery disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004; 85:1538-43. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2003.11.037.Uszko-Lencer NHMK, Mesquita R, Janssen E, et al. Reliability, construct validity and determinants of 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2017;240:285-90. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.109.Uszko-Lencer NHMK, Mesquita R, Janssen E, et al. Reliability, construct validity and determinants of 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2017;240:285-90. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.109.Hamilton DM, Haennel RG. Validity and reliability of the 6-minute walk test in a cardiac rehabilitation population. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2000;20(3):156-64. doi:10.1097/00008483-20000500000003.Hamilton DM, Haennel RG. Validity and reliability of the 6-minute walk test in a cardiac rehabilitation population. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2000;20(3):156-64. doi:10.1097/00008483-20000500000003.Hanson LC, McBurney H, Taylor NF. The retest reliability of the six-minute walk test in patients referred to a cardiac rehabilitation programme. Physiother Res Int. 2012;17(1):55-61. doi:10.1002/ pri.513.Hanson LC, McBurney H, Taylor NF. The retest reliability of the six-minute walk test in patients referred to a cardiac rehabilitation programme. Physiother Res Int. 2012;17(1):55-61. doi:10.1002/pri.513.Enright PL. The Six-Minute Walk Test. Respir Care. 2003;48(8):783-5.Enright PL. The Six-Minute Walk Test. Respir Care. 2003;48(8):783-5.Bellet RN, Adams L, Morris NR. The 6-minute walk test in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: validity, reliability and responsivenessa systematic review. Physiotherapy. 2012;98(4):277-86. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2011.11.003.Bellet RN, Adams L, Morris NR. The 6-minute walk test in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: validity, reliability and responsivenessa systematic review. Physiotherapy. 2012;98(4):277-86. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2011.11.003.der Wiel BA, Gussekloo J, De Craen AJ, et al. Common chronic diseases and general impairments as determinants of walking disability in the oldest-old population. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:1405-10. doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50363.x.der Wiel BA, Gussekloo J, De Craen AJ, et al. Common chronic diseases and general impairments as determinants of walking disability in the oldest-old population. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:1405-10. doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50363.x.Gremeaux M, Hannequin A, Laurent Y, et al. Usefulness of the 6-minute walk test and the 200-metre fast walk test to individualize high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training in coronary artery disease patients after acute coronary syndrome: a pilot controlled clinical study. Clin Rehabil. 2011;25:844-55. doi:10.1177/0269215511403942.Gremeaux M, Hannequin A, Laurent Y, et al. Usefulness of the 6-minute walk test and the 200-metre fast walk test to individualize high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training in coronary artery disease patients after acute coronary syndrome: a pilot controlled clinical study. Clin Rehabil. 2011;25:844-55. doi:10.1177/0269215511403942.Kristjánsdóttir Á, Ragnarsdóttir M, Einarsson M, Torfason ВA. Comparison of the 6-Minute Walk Test and Symptom Limited Graded Exercise Test for Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation of Older Adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2004;27(2):65-9. doi:10.1519/00139143-200408000-00005.Kristjánsdóttir Á, Ragnarsdóttir M, Einarsson M, Torfason ВA. Comparison of the 6-Minute Walk Test and Symptom Limited Graded Exercise Test for Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation of Older Adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2004;27(2):65-9. doi:10.1519/00139143-200408000-00005.Chen Y-C, Chen K-C, Lu L-H, et al. Validating the 6-minute walk test as an indicator of recovery in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A prospective cohort study. Medicine. 2018;97:42(e12925). doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000012925.Chen Y-C, Chen K-C, Lu L-H, et al. Validating the 6-minute walk test as an indicator of recovery in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A prospective cohort study. Medicine. 2018;97:42(e12925). doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000012925.Verrill DE, Barton C, Beasley W, et al. Six-minute walk performance and quality of life comparisons in North Carolina cardiac rehabilitation programs. Heart Lung. 2003;32(1):41-51. doi:10.1067/mhl.2003.7.Verrill DE, Barton C, Beasley W, et al. Six-minute walk performance and quality of life comparisons in North Carolina cardiac rehabilitation programs. Heart Lung. 2003;32(1):41-51. doi:10.1067/mhl.2003.7.Fan Y, Gu X, Zhang H. Prognostic value of six-minute walk distance in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(6):664-7. doi:10.1177/2047487318797400.Fan Y, Gu X, Zhang H. Prognostic value of six-minute walk distance in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(6):664-7. doi:10.1177/2047487318797400.La Rovere MT, Pinna GD, Maestri R. The 6-minute walking test and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing a post-cardiac surgery rehabilitation program. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015;22(1):206. doi:10.1177/2047487313502405.La Rovere MT, Pinna GD, Maestri R. The 6-minute walking test and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing a post-cardiac surgery rehabilitation program. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015;22(1):206. doi:10.1177/2047487313502405.Cacciatore F, Abete P, Mazzella F, et al. Six-minute walking test but not ejection fraction predicts mortality in elderly patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation following coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2012;19:1401-09. doi:10.1177/1741826711422991.Cacciatore F, Abete P, Mazzella F, et al. Six-minute walking test but not ejection fraction predicts mortality in elderly patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation following coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2012;19:1401-09. doi:10.1177/1741826711422991.de Arenaza DP, Pepper J, Lees B, et al. Preoperative 6-minute walk test adds prognostic information to Euroscore in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2010;96(2):113-7. doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.161174.de Arenaza DP, Pepper J, Lees B, et al. Preoperative 6-minute walk test adds prognostic information to Euroscore in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2010;96(2):113-7. doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.161174.Mok M, Nombela-Franco L, Urena M, et al. Prognostic value of exercise capacity as evaluated by the 6-minute walk test in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(8):897-8. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.050.Mok M, Nombela-Franco L, Urena M, et al. Prognostic value of exercise capacity as evaluated by the 6-minute walk test in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(8):897-8. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.050.Hassan AK, Dimitry SR, Agban GW. Can exercise capacity assessed by the 6-minute walk test predict the development of major adverse cardiac events in patients with STEMI after fibrinolysis? PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99035. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099035.Hassan AK, Dimitry SR, Agban GW. Can exercise capacity assessed by the 6-minute walk test predict the development of major adverse cardiac events in patients with STEMI after fibrinolysis? PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99035. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099035.Dasari TW, Patel B, Wayangankar SA, et al. Prognostic Value of 6-Minute Walk Distance in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: a Veterans Affairs Prospective Study. Tex Heart Inst J. 2020;47(1):10-4. doi:10.14503/THIJ-17-6471.Dasari TW, Patel B, Wayangankar SA, et al. Prognostic Value of 6-Minute Walk Distance in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: a Veterans Affairs Prospective Study. Tex Heart Inst J. 2020;47(1):10-4. doi:10.14503/THIJ-17-6471.Vitale G, Sarullo S, Vassallo L, et al. Prognostic Value of the 6-Min Walk Test After Open-Heart Valve Surgery. Еxperience of a cardiovascular rehabilitation program. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention. 2018;38:304-8. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000340.Vitale G, Sarullo S, Vassallo L, et al. Prognostic Value of the 6-Min Walk Test After Open-Heart Valve Surgery. Еxperience of a cardiovascular rehabilitation program. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention. 2018;38:304-8. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000340.Sanderson BK, Phillips MM, Gerald L, et al. Factors Associated with the Failure of Patients to Complete Cardiac Rehabilitation for Medical or Non-Medical Reasons. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2003;23:281-9. doi:10.1097/00008483-200307000-00005.Sanderson BK, Phillips MM, Gerald L, et al. Factors Associated with the Failure of Patients to Complete Cardiac Rehabilitation for Medical or Non-Medical Reasons. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2003;23:281-9. doi:10.1097/00008483-200307000-00005.Diniz LS, Neves VR, Starke AC, et al. Safety of early performance of the six-minute walk test following acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(3):167-74. doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.03.013.Diniz LS, Neves VR, Starke AC, et al. Safety of early performance of the six-minute walk test following acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(3):167-74. doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.03.013.Bellet RN, Francis RL, Jacob JS, et al. Repeated six-minute walk tests for outcome measurement and exercise prescription in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: a longitudinal study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;92(9):1388-94. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.04.014.Bellet RN, Francis RL, Jacob JS, et al. Repeated six-minute walk tests for outcome measurement and exercise prescription in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: a longitudinal study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;92(9):1388-94. doi:10.1016/j. apmr.2011.04.014.Bittner V, Sanderson B, Breland J, et al. Assessing functional capacity as an outcome in cardiac rehabilitation: role of the 6-minute walk test. Clin Exerc Physiol. 2000;2:19-26. doi:10.1097/00008483-200007000-00010.Bittner V, Sanderson B, Breland J, et al. Assessing functional capacity as an outcome in cardiac rehabilitation: role of the 6-minute walk test. Clin Exerc Physiol. 2000;2:19-26. doi:10.1097/00008483-200007000-00010.Adsett J, Mullins R, Hwang R, et al. Repeat six-minute walk tests in patients with chronic heart failure: are they clinically necessary? Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2011;18(4):601-6. doi: 10.1177/1741826710389403.Adsett J, Mullins R, Hwang R, et al. Repeat six-minute walk tests in patients with chronic heart failure: are they clinically necessary? Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2011;18(4):601-6. doi: 10.1177/1741826710389403.De Feo S, Tramarin R, Faggiano P, et al. The inability to perform a 6 minute walking test after cardio-thoracic surgery is a marker of clinical severity and poor outcome. Data from the ISYDE 2008 Italian survey. Int J Cardiol. 2011;151:115-6. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.024.De Feo S, Tramarin R, Faggiano P, et al. The inability to perform a 6 minute walking test after cardio-thoracic surgery is a marker of clinical severity and poor outcome. Data from the ISYDE 2008 Italian survey. Int J Cardiol. 2011;151:115-6. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.024.Wijns W, Kolh P, Danchin N, et al. Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. ESC /EACTS Guidelines. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2501-55. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq277.Wijns W, Kolh P, Danchin N, et al. Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. ESC /EACTS Guidelines. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2501-55. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq277.Tallaj J, Sanderson B, Breland J, et al. Assessment of functional outcomes using the 6-minute walk test in cardiac rehabilitation: comparison of patients with and without left ventricular dysfunction. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2001;21:221-4. doi:10.1097/00008483200107000-00005.Tallaj J, Sanderson B, Breland J, et al. Assessment of functional outcomes using the 6-minute walk test in cardiac rehabilitation: comparison of patients with and without left ventricular dysfunction. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2001;21:221-4. doi:10.1097/00008483200107000-00005.Zainuldin R, Mackey MG, Alison JA. Prescription of Walking Exercise Intensity From the 6-Minute Walk Test in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. JCRP. 2015;35:65-9. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000074.Zainuldin R, Mackey MG, Alison JA. Prescription of Walking Exercise Intensity From the 6-Minute Walk Test in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. JCRP. 2015;35:65-9. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000074.Gremeaux V, Deley G, Duclay J, et al. The 200-m fast-walk test compared with the 6-min walk test and the maximal cardiopulmonary test: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2009;88:571-8. doi:10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181aa416b.Gremeaux V, Deley G, Duclay J, et al. The 200-m fast-walk test compared with the 6-min walk test and the maximal cardiopulmonary test: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2009;88:571-8. doi:10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181aa416b.Mezzani A, Hamm LF, Jones AM, et al. European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation; American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. Aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiac rehabilitation: a joint position statement of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2013;20(3):442-67. doi:10.1177/2047487312460484.Mezzani A, Hamm LF, Jones AM, et al. European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation; American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. Aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiac rehabilitation: a joint position statement of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2013;20(3):442-67. doi:10.1177/2047487312460484.Morard MD, Bosquet L, Laroche D, et al. Are first ventilatory thresholdand 6-minutewalktestheartrateinterchangeable? Apilot study in healthy elderlies and cardiac patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007;32(5):724-9. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.07.001.Morard MD, Bosquet L, Laroche D, et al. Are first ventilatory thresholdand 6-minutewalktestheartrateinterchangeable? Apilot study in healthy elderlies and cardiac patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007;32(5):724-9. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.07.001.Арутюнов Г.П., Колесникова Е.А., Беграмбекова Ю.Л. и др. Рекомендации по назначению физических тренировок пациентам с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Журнал Сердечная недостаточность. 2017;18(1):4166. doi:10.18087/rhfj.2017.1.2339.Arutyunov GP, Kolesnikova EA, Begrambekova YuL, et al. Exercise training in chronic heart failure: practical guidance of the Russian Heart Failure Society. Heart Failure Journal. 2017;18(1):41-66. (In Russ.). doi:10.18087/rhfj.2017.1.2339.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.