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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2562</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опросники и шкалы для оценки приверженности к лечению — преимущества и недостатки диагностического метода в научных исследованиях и реальной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Questionnaires and scores for assessing medication adherence — advantages and disadvantages of the diagnostic method in research and actual clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-3099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукина Юлия Владимировна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела профилактической фармакотерапии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">yuvlu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-2584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутишенко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutishenko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кутишенко Наталья Петровна — доктор медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории фармакоэпидемиологических исследований отдела профилактической фармакотерапии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">nkutishenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марцевич</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martsevich</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марцевич Сергей Юрьевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела профилактической фармакотерапии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">sergeymartsevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, главный специалист-терапевт Минздрава России, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">odrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>2562</fpage><lpage>2562</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лукина Ю.В., Кутишенко Н.П., Марцевич С.Ю., Драпкина О.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лукина Ю.В., Кутишенко Н.П., Марцевич С.Ю., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lukina Y.V., Kutishenko N.P., Martsevich S.Y., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2562">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2562</self-uri><abstract><p>На фоне не снижающейся актуальности проблемы приверженности, вопрос о поиске надежного метода ее диагностики остается открытым. Одним из наиболее удобных и перспективных способов оценки приверженности к лечению, как в научных исследованиях, так и в реальной клинической практике (РКП) является анкетирование пациентов с помощью различных опросников и шкал. В настоящее время в России и за рубежом представлены несколько десятков различных опросников и шкал. Все они относятся к косвенным методам диагностики приверженности, обладают известной долей субъективизма. В статье представлены данные о наиболее известных и широко используемых зарубежных шкалах приверженности: 4- и 8-вопросных версиях шкал Мориски (MMAS-4 и  MMAS-8), тестах Hill-Bone, SEAMS, BMQ, MARS и др., а также о нескольких опросниках, предложенных российскими авторами: шкале приверженности Национального общества доказательной фармакотерапии, Количественном Опроснике Приверженности и  Отечественном опроснике приверженности к лечению. Рассмотрены основные характеристики описываемых шкал, их преимущества, недостатки и перспективы использования в научных исследованиях и в РКП. По  результатам обзора сделаны следующие выводы: 1) ни один из известных в настоящее время опросников не  лишен субъективизма; 2) практически все опросники переоценивают приверженность пациентов к  лечению, не полностью диагностируют неприверженность к терапии, нередко определяют лишь какой-то конкретный вид приверженности; 3) даже валидированные опросники при использовании у  пациентов с  разными заболеваниями в разных странах могут демонстрировать различные показатели чувствительности, специфичности и  надежности  — от  отличных до  неудовлетворительных; 4) в  связи с  этим результаты по оценке приверженности с помощью шкал и опросников следует трактовать с известной долей скептицизма и осторожности; 5) в  условиях РКП, нередко характеризующихся дефицитом времени врача и  ограниченностью технических возможностей, например, предоставлением пациентам планшетов или компьютеров для заполнения электронных версий опросников, следует отдавать предпочтение лаконичным шкалам, включающим не  более 10 вопросов, с простой системой подсчета баллов, желательно валидированным с  помощью известных критериев надежности в  рамках грамотно выполненных клинических исследований; 6) для повышения точности диагностики рекомендуется одновременное использование нескольких доступных методов оценки приверженности пациентов к рекомендованной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of medication adherence is still relevant, and the search for a reliable method for its diagnosis continues. One of the most convenient and promising ways to assess medication adherence, both in research and actual clinical practice, is the use of various questionnaires and scores. Currently, several dozen different questionnaires and scores are presented in Russia and other countries. All of them are indirect methods of adherence assessment and are characterized by subjectivity. The article presents data on the most famous and widely used foreign adherence scales (the 4- and 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4 and MMAS-8), Hill-Bone, SEAMS, BMQ, MARS, etc.) and several questionnaires proposed by Russian authors (the National Society of Evidence-based Pharmacotherapy Adherence Scale, the Quantitative Adherence Questionnaire and the National Questionnaire of Treatment Compliance). The main characteristics of the described scales, their advantages, disadvantages and prospects for use in studies and clinical practice are considered. There are following conclusions: 1) none of the current questionnaires is devoid of subjectivity; 2) almost all questionnaires overestimate medication adherence, do not fully diagnose nonadherence, and often determine only specific type of adherence; 3) even validated questionnaires, which used in patients with different diseases in various countries, can have different values of sensitivity, specificity and reliability — from excellent to very poor; 4) in this regard, the results should be skeptically and cautiously interpreted; 5) in actual clinical practice, preference should be given to concise scales that include no more than 10 questions, with a  simple scoring system, preferably validated with using well-known criteria from large clinical trials; 6) to improve the diagnosis accuracy, usage of several available methods for assessing medication adherence is recommended.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>приверженность</kwd><kwd>методы диагностики</kwd><kwd>шкалы</kwd><kwd>опросники</kwd><kwd>реальная клиническая практика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adherence</kwd><kwd>diagnostic methods</kwd><kwd>scales</kwd><kwd>questionnaires</kwd><kwd>actual clinical practice</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. 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