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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2570</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2570</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АРТЕРИАЛЬНАЯ ГИПЕРТОНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Артериальная гипертония и характер питания взрослой популяции. Результаты российского эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hypertension and dietary patterns of the adult population. Results of the Russian epidemiological study ESSE-RF</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-712X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамнова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamnova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Станиславовна Карамнова — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории эпидемиологии питания.</p><p>Москва, Тел.: +7 (985) 997-76-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkaramnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Алексеевич Максимов — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smaksimov@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Анатольевна Шальнова — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sshalnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Андреевна Баланова — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jbalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Евгеньевна Евстифеева — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sevsyifeeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>А. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асия Эмверовна Имаева — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aimaeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Капустина — старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akapustina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-3941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Аркадьевна Муромцева — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gmuromtseva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-4144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швабская</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvabskaya</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Борисовна Швабская — научный сотрудник. лаборатории эпидемиологии питания.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oshvabskay@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Михайловна Драпкина — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">odrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>2570</fpage><lpage>2570</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карамнова Н.С., Максимов С.А., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Имаева А.Э., Капустина А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Швабская О.Б., Драпкина О.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карамнова Н.С., Максимов С.А., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Имаева А.Э., Капустина А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Швабская О.Б., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karamnova N.S., Maksimov S.A., Shalnova S.A., Balanova Y.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Imaeva А.E., Kapustina A.V., Muromtseva G.A., Shvabskaya O.B., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2570">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2570</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие и прогноз артериальной гипертония (АГ) зависит от характера питания.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить ассоциации характера питания с АГ у взрослого населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Анализ выполнен на данных представительных выборок 13 регионов РФ неорганизованного мужского и женского населения 25-64 лет (19520 человек, 7329 мужчин, 12191 женщина). Отклик составил ~80%. Оценка питания выполнена частотным методом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Мужчины с артериальным давлением (АД) &gt;140/90 мм рт.ст. чаще потребляют мясоколбасные изделия — ОШ=1,08 [95% ДИ: 1,02-1,16 (p=0,011)], реже — свежие овощи/фрукты — 0,94 [0,89-0,96] (p=0,028), молочные продукты: молоко, кефир — 0,92 [0,87-0,97] (p=0,0041), сметану — 0,90 [0,84-0,96] (p=0,0021), творог — 0,92 [0,85-0,99] (p=0,034) и сладости — 0,91 [0,86-0,96] (p=0,00071). Женщины с АД &gt;140/90 мм рт.ст. реже потребляют свежие овощи/фрукты — 0,95 [0,90-0,99] (p=0,032), молоко, кефир — 0,95 [0,91-0,99] (р=0,040), творог — 0,95 [0,90-0,99] (p=0,047), сыр — 0,92 [0,88-0,97] (p=0,00083) и сладости — 0,89 [0,85-0,93] (р&lt;0,00001). У лиц с АГ чаще в рационе присутствуют рыбопродукты, сырые овощи/фрукты, реже — сладости, сахар и молочные продукты. Потребление мясоколбасных изделий не отличается у лиц с АГ и без АГ, как и привычка досаливания блюд. Меньше соли в рационе лиц, принимающих антигипертензивные препараты (АГП). Мужчины реже потребляют соления, но не мясоколбасные изделия, избыточное потребление соли снижается — 0,90 [0,83-0,98] (р=0,018). Женщины, принимающие АГП, меньше потребляют мясоколбасных изделий, но без влияния на уровень соли в рационе. У лиц, принимающих АГП: среди мужчин (на 13%) и среди женщин (на 10%) выше потребление сырых овощей/фрук-тов и ниже — сахара. Среди лиц, принимающих АГП, чаще кардио-протективный тип питания: на 12% среди женщин и на 33% среди мужчин, рацион здорового питания чаще (на 29%) только среди мужчин. Женщины, принимающие АГП, но не достигающие целевого АД, чаще потребляют мясоколбасные изделия — 1,14; [1,061,22] (p=0,00044), а мужчины — молочные продукты высокой жирности — 1,20 [1,03-1,39] (p=0,022).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Лица с АГ по сравнению с лицами без АГ чаще потребляют овощи/фрукты, но потребление продуктов с высоким содержанием соли остается без изменений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the associations of dietary patterns with HTN in the adult population.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The analysis was carried out on the data of representative samples of male and female population from 13 regions of Russia. The age ranged from 25 to 64 years (n=19,520; men, 7329; women, 12191). The response rate was approximately 80%.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Men with blood pressure (BP) &gt;140/90 mm Hg more often consume meat and sausage products (OR, 1,08 [95% CI, 1,02-1,16]; p=0,011), less often — fresh vegetables/fruits (0,94 [0.89-0.96]; p=0,028), dairy products: milk, kefir (0,92 [0,87-0,97]; p=0,0041), sour cream (0,90 [0,84-0,96]; p=0,0021), cottage cheese (0,92 [0,85-0,99]; p=0,034) and sweets (0,91 [0,86-0,96]; p=0,00071). Women with BP &gt;140/90 mm Hg less often consume fresh vegetables/fruits (0,95 [0,90-0,99]; p=0,032), milk, kefir (0,95 [0,91-0,99]; p=0,040), cottage cheese (0,95 [0,90-0,99]; p=0,047), cheese (0,92 [0,88-0,97]; p=0,00083) and sweets (0,89 [0,850,93]; p&lt;0,00001). Persons with HTN more often consume fish products, fresh vegetables/fruits, less often — sweets, sugar and dairy products. Consumption of meat and sausage products does not differ in persons with/without HTN, as well as the habit of adding more salt. People taking antihypertensive medications (AHM) consume less salt. Men consume pickles less often, but not meat and sausage products; excess salt intake decreased (0,90 [0,83-0,98]; p=0,018). Women taking AHM consume meat and sausage products, but without affecting the salt level in diet. In persons taking AHM: among men (by 13%) and among women (by 10%), the consumption of fresh vegetables/fruits is higher and sugar — lower. Among people taking AGHM the cardioprotective type of diet is more common: by 12% among women and by 33% among men; a healthy diet is more common (by 29%) only among men. Women taking AHM and not reaching the target BP more often consume meat and sausage products (1,14; [1,06-1,22]; p=0,00044), and men — high-fat dairy products (1,20 [1,03-1,39]; p=0,022).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. People with hypertension are more likely to consume vegetables/fruits than those without hypertension, but the intake of high-sodium foods remains unchanged.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>характер питания</kwd><kwd>пищевые привычки</kwd><kwd>рацион</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>алиментарно-зависимые факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dietary patterns</kwd><kwd>food habits</kwd><kwd>diet</kwd><kwd>hypertension</kwd><kwd>dietary risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collaborators GBDRF. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioral, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. 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