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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2600</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2600</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЙ СИНДРОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METABOLIC SYNDROME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метаболический синдром и его ассоциации с социально-демографическими и поведенческими факторами риска в российской популяции 25-64 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metabolic syndrome and its associations with socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors in the Russian population aged 25-64 years</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Андреевна Баланова - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеванийосква</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">JBalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">imayeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-3122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куценко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории биостатистики отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний НМИЦ ТПМ; аспирант кафедры теории вероятностей механико-математического факультета МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">vlakutsenko@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">AKapustina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-3941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук., ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">gmuromtseva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеванийМосква</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">sevstifeeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеванийМосква</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">m1979sa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-712X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамнова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamnova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук.,  руководитель  лаборатории  эпидемиологии  питания  отдела  эпидемиологии  хронических  неинфекционных  заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">nkaramnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-4315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яровая</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarovaya</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории биостатистики отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний НМИЦ ТПМ; профессор кафедры теории вероятностей механико-математического факультета МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">yarovaya@mech.math.msu.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">svetlanashalnova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">JBalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; &#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; &#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>2600</fpage><lpage>2600</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баланова Ю.А., Имаева А.Э., Куценко В.А., Капустина А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Максимов С.А., Карамнова Н.С., Яровая Е.Б., Шальнова С.А., Драпкина О.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баланова Ю.А., Имаева А.Э., Куценко В.А., Капустина А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Максимов С.А., Карамнова Н.С., Яровая Е.Б., Шальнова С.А., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balanova Y.A., Imaeva A.E., Kutsenko V.A., Kapustina A.V., Muromtseva G.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Maksimov S.A., Karamnova N.S., Yarovaya E.B., Shalnova S.A., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2600">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2600</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценка ассоциаций метаболического синдрома (МС) с социально-демографическими и поведенческими показателями в российской популяции 25-64 лет.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В рамках исследования ЭССЕ-РФ 2 в 2017г. обследованы представительные выборки населения четырех регионов РФ (Краснодарский край, Омская и Рязанская области, Республика Карелия): мужчины (n=3011) и женщины (n=3721) в возрасте 25-64 лет. Была использована систематическая стратифицированная многоступенчатая случайная выборка. Отклик – около 80%. Исследование было одобрено Независимым этическим комитетом ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России. Все обследованные были опрошены по стандартному вопроснику, сформированному по модульному принципу. В анализ включали регион проживания, тип поселения, возрастные группы, уровень образования, семейное положение, экономические условия жизни, поведенческие привычки, анамнестические данные. Выполнялись антропометрические измерения, измерение АД тонометром Omron и взятие крови из локтевой вены для определения показателей липидного спектра (холестерин липопротеидов высокой плотности (ХС ЛВП) и триглицериды (ТГ)), а также уровня глюкозы. Диагноз МС выставлялся, согласно критериям IDF от 2006. Статистический анализ выполнялся с помощью среды статистического анализа R 3.6.1 с открытым исходным кодом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Абдоминальное ожирение (АО) выявлено у 49,7% мужчин и 61,6% женщин. Ожирение, оцененное по ИМТ, выявлено у 31.6% обследованных (28.6% мужчин и 34% женщин). Частота МС во всей выборке составила 33,0% и увеличивалась с возрастом. В более молодой группе распространенность МС была статистически значимо выше среди мужчин, а в старшей – среди женщин. При изучении распределения компонент МС установлено, что АО в сочетании с 2 компонентами наблюдалось у 17,2% обследованных; АО с тремя компонентами – у 11,8%, АО с четырьмя компонентами – у 4%. Наибольшая распространенность МС отмечена в Рязанской области (мужчины – 42,0%, женщины – 37,4%), наименьшая в республике Карелия (мужчины – 25,8%, женщины –29,6%).</p><p>С помощью однофакторной логистической регрессии с учетом поправки на возраст у мужчин выявлены статистически значимые ассоциации МС с курением в прошлом, низкой физической активностью и злоупотреблением алкоголем. Повышенное АД и нарушения липидного профиля достоверно ассоциировались со сниженным доходом. АО статистически значимо ассоциировалось с браком. Риск наличия СД и повышенного уровня глюкозы крови аналогично был ниже у одиноких мужчин. Среди женщин риск МС был выше при отсутствии высшего образования, низким доходе, курении и низком потреблении овощей и фруктов. У женщин, проживающих в сельской местности выше риск АО и повышенного АД. Риск наличия нарушений липидного обмена был выше среди женщин со средним образованием.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. МС выявлен у 33% россиян в возрасте 25-64 лет. Доля лиц с МС увеличивается с возрастом, что в связи с увеличением продолжительности жизни населения РФ, позволяет предположить рост общего числа имеющих данную патологию. ФР, имеющими значимые ассоциации с МС у женщин являются курение, недостаточное потребление овощей и фруктов, отсутствие высшего образования и доход ниже среднего. Статистически значимые ассоциации наличия МС у мужчин связаны с чрезмерным потреблением алкоголя, курением и низкой физической активностью. МС – симптомокомплекс, снизить частоту которого в популяции возможно за счет изменения образа жизни и привычек при необходимости в сочетании с медикаментозной терапией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the associations of metabolic syndrome (MS) with sociodemographic and  behavioral factors  in the  Russian population  aged 25-64 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. As part of the ESSE-RF 2 study, representative samples of the population of four Russian regions (Krasnodar Krai, Omsk and Ryazan Oblasts, Republic of Karelia) were examined: men (n=3011) and women (n=3721) aged 25-64 years. The response rate was approximately 80%. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. All subjects were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. We analyzed the region and type of residence (urban/ rural area), age, educational level, marital and economic status, behavioral habits, and medical history data. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with an Omron BP monitor. Lipid profile were assessed. MS was diagnosed according to the IDF criteria (2006). Statistical analysis was performed using the R 3.6.1 software package.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Abdominal obesity (AO) was found in 49,7% of men and 61,6% of women. Obesity according to body mass index was noted in 31,6% of subjects (men — 28,6% and women — 34%). MS prevalence in the entire sample was 33,0% and increased with age. In the group of subjects 35-44 years old, the prevalence of MS was significantly higher among men, and among those 55-64 years old — among women. We also found that AO in combination with two MS components was observed in 17,2% of participants; AO  with three components  — in 11,8%, AO with four components — in 4%. The highest prevalence of MS was noted in theRyazan region (men — 42,0%, women — 37,4%), the lowest — in theRepublic ofKarelia (men — 25,8%, women — 29,6%). In men, age-adjusted univariate logistic regression revealed significant associations of MS with former smoking, low physical activity, and alcohol abuse. Elevated BP and lipid profile abnormalities were significantly associated with low income level. AO was significantly associated with marriage. Similarly, the risk of diabetes and elevated blood glucose levels was lower in single men. Among women, the risk of MS was higher in those without higher education, with low income, smoking, and low consumption of vegetables and fruits. Women living in rural areas have a higher risk of AO and high BP. The risk of lipid metabolism disorders was higher among women with secondary education. Most of these associations were confirmed by multivariate analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. MS was diagnosed in 33% of Russians aged 25-64 years. The proportion of people with MS increases with age, which, due to the  life expectancy increase, suggests an increase in the total number of MS people. Risk factors associated with MS in women are smoking, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits, no higher education, and low income. In men, MS are associated with excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and low physical activity. MS prevalence can be reduced by changing the lifestyle and habits, and if necessary, in combination with drug therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>социально-демографические показатели</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>алкоголь</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>socio-demographic parameters</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>alcohol</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alberti KGMM, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, et al. 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