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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2610</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-2610</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И РЕГИСТРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGISTERS AND STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Раннее начало курения и изменения показателей ожирения, уровня артериального давления и липидного спектра крови у лиц мужского пола: результаты 26-летнего проспективного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Early smoking initiation and changes in body weight, blood pressure and lipid profile in males: results of a 26-year prospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-5948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Александров — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний у детей и подростков.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aalexandrov@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-7906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розанов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozanov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Борисович Розанов — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vbrosanov@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-9426</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Борисовна Котова — кандидат педагогических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории.</p><p>Москва, Тел: +7 (985) 773-67-63</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mkotova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-6366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Ильинична Иванова — научный сотрудниклаборатории.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">manush-44@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Михайловна Драпкина — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omdrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>2610</fpage><lpage>2610</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александров А.А., Розанов В.Б., Котова М.Б., Иванова Е.И., Драпкина О.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александров А.А., Розанов В.Б., Котова М.Б., Иванова Е.И., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksandrov A.A., Rozanov V.B., Kotova M.B., Ivanova E.I., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2610">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2610</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить связь раннего начала курения (в подростковом возрасте) с изменениями показателей общего и абдоминального ожирения, уровней артериального давления (АД), липопротеинового спектра крови у лиц мужского пола в ходе проспективного исследования для обоснования подходов к более дифференцированной профилактике курения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В данной работе, являющейся частью 32-летнего проспективного исследования, представлены результаты 26-летнего наблюдения за двумя группами: 1 группа — лица мужского пола с началом курения до 17 лет; 2 группа — лица мужского пола, не курившие до 17 лет. Обследование включало опрос по стандартной анкете, антропометрию, измерение АД, определение липидов и основных аполипопротеинов (апо) плазмы крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе лиц мужского пола с ранним началом курения его частота к 22 годам составила 64,8%, а к 43 годам снизилась до 41,7%. В 43 года продолжали курить 60% от исходного числа курильщиков. Относительный риск для подростков, начавших курить до 17 лет, оказаться в категории регулярных курильщиков в возрасте 22, 33 и 43 лет, был соответственно в 2,2, 1,7 и 2,1 раза выше по сравнению с их сверстниками, не курившими до 17 лет. С возрастом снижалась распространённость курения и увеличивалась его интенсивность (количество ежедневно выкуриваемых сигарет). К зрелому возрасту (33-43 года) в группе лиц мужского пола с ранней инициацией курения по сравнению с некурящими отмечались более высокие значения индекса Кетле, окружности талии, отношения окружности талии/окружности бедер, уровней систолического и диастолического АД, а также содержания в крови триглицеридов, холестерина липопротеинов низких плотностей, апо В и отношения апо В/апо А!.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Начало табакокурения в подростковом возрасте ассоциируется с ранней приверженностью к курению, более высокой его распространённостью в молодом взрослом возрасте и высокой вероятностью его продолжения в зрелом возрасте, а также способствует формированию общего и абдоминального ожирения во взрослом возрасте, повышает атерогенность липопротеинового спектра крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the relationship of early smoking initiation (adolescence) with changes in body weight, blood pressure (BP), and lipid profile in males within a prospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This paper presents the results of a 26-year follow-up of two groups: group 1 — males who began to smoke up to 17 years; group 2 — males who have not smoked until 17 years of age. The examination included a standard questionnaire, anthropometry, blood pressure measurement, determination of lipids and apolipoproteins (apo).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In males with an early smoking initiation, its prevalence by the age of 22 was 64,8%, and by the age of 43 it decreased to 41,7%. At 43, 60% of the original number of smokers continued to smoke. The relative risk for adolescents who started smoking before 17 years of age to be every day smoker at the age of 22, 33 and 43, respectively, was 2,2, 1,7 and 2,1 times higher than their peers who did not smoke before 17 years. With age, the prevalence of smoking decreased and its intensity increased (number of cigarettes smoked per day). At 33-43, in the group of early smoking initiation, compared with nonsmokers, there were higher values of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apo B, and apo B/apo AI ratio.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Smoking initiation in adolescence is associated with an early adherence to smoking, higher prevalence in young adulthood and a high probability of continuation in adulthood. It also contributes to the general and abdominal obesity in adulthood and increases the atherogenicity of lipoprotein profile.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>артериальное давление</kwd><kwd>липиды крови</kwd><kwd>проспективное исследование</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>blood pressure</kwd><kwd>blood lipids</kwd><kwd>prospective study</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health 9. Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health. The Health Consequences of Smoking-50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. 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