cardiovascularКардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактикаCardiovascular Therapy and Prevention1728-88002619-0125«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2632cardiovascular-2632Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEW ARTICLESЭпигенетика ожиренияEpigenetics of obesityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430ДрапкинаО. М.DrapkinaO. M.

Москва

drapkina@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-7696КимО. Т.KimO. T.

Ольга Трофимовна Ким - младший научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения

Москва

olgakimt06@gmail.comФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины” Минздрава РоссииNational Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine20202810202019626322632Copyright © Драпкина О.М., Ким О.Т., 20202020Драпкина О.М., Ким О.Т.Drapkina O.M., Kim O.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2632

Патофизиология ожирения чрезвычайно сложна и включает в себя изменения пищевого поведения, генетические и эпигенетические факторы, воздействие факторов окружающей среды и многое другое. На сегодняшний день ~40 генетических полиморфизмов связаны с ожирением и распределением жира. Однако, поскольку эти варианты не в полной мере объясняют наследственность ожирения, необходимо рассмотреть другие варианты, такие как эпигенетические изменения. Эпигенетические модификации влияют на экспрессию генов без фактического изменения последовательности дезоксирибонуклеиновой кислоты. Кроме того, воздействие окружающей среды в критические периоды развития может повлиять на профиль эпигенетических меток и привести к ожирению. Более глубокое понимание эпигенетических механизмов, лежащих в основе ожирения, может помочь в профилактике, основанной на изменениях образа жизни. Данный обзор сфокусирован на роли эпигенетических модификаций в развитии ожирения и ассоциированных с ним состояний.

The pathophysiology of obesity is complex and includes changes in eating behavior, genetic, epigenetic, environmental factors, and much more. To date, ~40 genetic polymorphisms are associated with obesity and fat distribution. However, since these options do not fully explain the inheritance of obesity, other options, such as epigenetic changes, need to be considered. Epigenetic modifications affect gene expression without changing the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence. In addition, environmental exposure during critical periods of development can affect the epigenetic tags and lead to obesity. A deeper understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying obesity can aid in prevention based on lifestyle changes. This review focuses on the role of epigenetic modifications in the development of obesity and related conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.