<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2021-3068</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-3068</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В КАРДИОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика маркеров фиброза миокарда при применении бета-адреноблокаторов и антагониста минералокортикоидных рецепторов у больных с хронической сердечной недостаточностью с промежуточной фракцией выброса ишемического генеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes of myocardial fibrosis markers with the use of beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction of ischemic origin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-6529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипова Ольга Александровна  — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии Медицинского института  </p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">osipova@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-2558</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гостева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gosteva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гостева Елена Владимировна  — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yanavrn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5308-8072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голивец</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golivets</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голивец Татьяна Павловна  — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии Медицинского института</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golivets@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6862-0829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белоусова Оксана Николаевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии Медицинского института </p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belousova_on@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-3675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Землянский</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyansky</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Землянский Олег Алексеевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии Медицинского института</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zemlyansky@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1493-3376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovsky</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Покровский Михаил Владимирович  — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой фармакологии и  клинической фармакологи Медицинского института</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pokrovskii@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2722-7702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головин Андрей Иванович — аспирант Медицинский института</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">723282@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-6228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григоренко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григоренко Наталья Викторовна — кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков и профессиональной коммуникации</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigorenko@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-5566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мережко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merezhko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мережко Анна Александровна — старший преподаватель кафедры иностранных языков и профессиональной коммуникации Института межкультурной коммуникации и международных отношений</p><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merezhko@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО “Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО “Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>3068</fpage><lpage>3068</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осипова О.А., Гостева Е.В., Голивец Т.П., Белоусова О.Н., Землянский О.А., Покровский М.В., Головин А.И., Григоренко Н.В., Мережко А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осипова О.А., Гостева Е.В., Голивец Т.П., Белоусова О.Н., Землянский О.А., Покровский М.В., Головин А.И., Григоренко Н.В., Мережко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osipova O.A., Gosteva E.V., Golivets T.P., Belousova O.N., Zemlyansky O.A., Pokrovsky M.V., Golovin A.I., Grigorenko N.V., Merezhko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3068">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3068</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Сравнительный анализ влияния длительной (12 мес.) фармакотерапии бета-адреноблокатором (БАБ) (бисопролол и  небиволол) и  комбинации БАБ с  антагонистом минералокортикоидных рецепторов (бисопролол+эплеренон, небиволол+эплеренон) на маркеры фиброза: матриксные металлопротеиназы 1 и  9 типов (ММП-1, ММП-9) и  тканевой ингибитор матриксных металлопротеиназ 1 типа (ТИМП-1), у  больных с  хронической сердечной недостаточностью с  промежуточной фракцией выброса (ХСНпрФВ) ишемического генеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и  методы</title><p>Материал и  методы. В  исследование включены 135 больных, из них 40 (29,6%) женщин и  95 (70,4%) мужчин в  возрасте 45-60 лет (средний 53,1±5,7 года). Больные рандомизированы на подгруппы по признаку медикаментозной фармакотерапии БАБ (бисопролол или небиволол) и  их комбинации с  эплереноном. Методом иммуноферментного анализа определяли уровень ММП-1, ММП-9, ТИМП-1 (нг/мл) с  помощью коммерческой тест-системы “MMP-1 ELISA”, “MMP-9 ELISA” “Human TIMP-1 ELISA” (“Bender Medsystems”, Австрия).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В  сыворотке крови пациентов с  ХСНпрФВ ишемического генеза динамика снижения уровня маркеров фиброза миокарда в  зависимости от проводимой терапии составила: при применении бисопролола концентрация ММП-1 снизилась на 35% (р&lt;0,01), ММП-9  — на 56,3% (р&lt;0,001), ТИМП-1  — на 17,9% (р&lt;0,01); при применении небиволола — концентрация ММП-1 снизилась на 45% (р&lt;0,001), ММП-9  — на 57,1% (р&lt;0,001), ТИМП-1  — на 30,1% (р&lt;0,01); при комбинации бисопролола с  эплереноном ММП-1  — на 43% (р&lt;0,001), ММП-9  — на 51,2% (р&lt;0,001), ТИМП-1  — на 25,1% (р&lt;0,01); при комбинации небиволола с  эплереноном ММП-1 — на 53% (р&lt;0,001), ММП-9 — на 64,3% (р&lt;0,001), ТИМП-1 — на 39% (р&lt;0,01). У больных с ХСНпрФВ I функционального класса (ФК) по NYHA (New-York Heart Association) после 12 мес. лечения снижение уровня ММП-1 составило 39,9% (р&lt;0,01), ММП-9  — 57,5% (р&lt;0,001). При ФК II снижение уровня ММП-1 составило 47% (р&lt;0,001), ММП-9  — 49,7% (р&lt;0,001). Выявлено достоверное снижение уровня ТИМП-1 у  больных с  I ФК на 29% (р&lt;0,01), при II ФК на 27,1% (р&lt;0,01) по сравнению с  исходными данными.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На фоне длительной фармакотерапии пациентов с  ХСНпрФВ ишемического генеза продемонстрировано достоверное снижение уровней маркеров фиброза миокарда (ММП-1, ММП-9, ТИМП-1). Наиболее выраженное влияние определено у больных с I ФК ХСН по NYHA.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To compare the effect of 12-month pharmacotherapy with a betablocker (BB) (bisoprolol and nebivolol) and a combination of BB with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (bisoprolol+eplerenone, nebivolol+eplerenone) on following fibrosis markers: matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 9 (MMP-1, MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) of ischemic origin.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 135 patients, including 40 (29,6%) women and 95 (70,4%) men aged 45-60 years (mean age, 53,1±5,7 years). Patients were randomized into subgroups based on pharmacotherapy with BB (bisoprolol or nebivolol) and their combination with eplerenone. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the level of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1 (ng/ml) using the commercial test system “MMP-1 ELISA”, “MMP-9 ELISA”, “Human TIMP-1 ELISA” (“Bender Medsystems “, Austria).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients with HFmrEF of ischemic origin, there were following downward changes in serum level of myocardial fibrosis markers, depending on the therapy: bisoprolol  — MMP-1 decreased by 35% (p&lt;0,01), MMP-9  — by 56,3% (p&lt;0,001), TIMP-1  — by 17,9% (p&lt;0,01); nebivolol  — MMP-1 decreased by 45% (p&lt;0,001), MMP-9  — by 57,1% (p&lt;0,001), TIMP-1  — by 30,1% (p&lt;0,01); combination of bisoprolol with eplerenone  — MMP-1 decreased by 43% (p&lt;0,001), MMP-9  — by 51,2% (p&lt;0,001), TIMP-1  — by 25,1% (p&lt;0,01); combination of nebivolol with eplerenone  — MMP-1 decreased by 53% (p&lt;0,001), MMP-9 — by 64,3% (p&lt;0,001), TIMP-1 — by 39% (p&lt;0,01). In patients with NYHA class I HFmrEF after 12-month therapy, the decrease in MMP-1 level was 39,9% (p&lt;0,01), MMP-9  — 57,5% (p&lt;0,001). In class II, the decrease in MMP-1 level was 47% (p&lt;0,001), MMP-9 — 49,7% (p&lt;0,001). A significant decrease in TIMP-1 level was revealed in patients with class I by 29% (p&lt;0,01), in patients with class II by 27,1% (p&lt;0,01) compared with the initial data.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A significant decrease in the levels of myocardial fibrosis markers (MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1) was demonstrated in patients with HFmrEF of ischemic origin receiving long-term pharmacotherapy. The most pronounced effect was determined in patients with NYHA class I HF.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>фиброз миокарда</kwd><kwd>бета-блокаторы</kwd><kwd>антагонисты минералокортикоидных рецепторов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>myocardial fibrosis</kwd><kwd>beta-blockers</kwd><kwd>mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомин И. В. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность в Российской Федерации: что сегодня мы знаем и что должны делать. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;(8):7- 13. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-8-7-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomin IV. Chronic heart failure in Russian federation: What do we know and what to do. Russ J Cardiol. 2016;(8):7-13. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-8-7-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vedin O, Lam CSP, Koh AS, et al. Significance of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved, Midrange, and Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Circ Heart Fail. 2017;10(6):e003875. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003875.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vedin O, Lam CSP, Koh AS, et al. Significance of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved, Midrange, and Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Circ Heart Fail. 2017;10(6):e003875. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003875.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ponikowski Р, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129-200. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ponikowski Р, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129-200. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мареев В.Ю., Фомин И.В., Агеев Ф. Т. и др. Клинические рекомендации. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность (ХСН). Журнал Сердечная Недостаточность. 2017;18(1):3-40. doi:10.18087/rhfj.2017.1.2346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mareev VYu, Fomin IV, Ageev FT, et al. Clinical guidelines. Chronic heart failure (CHF). Russian Heart Failure Journal. 2017;18(1):3- 40. (In Russ.) doi:10.18087/rhfj.2017.1.2346.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rich JD, Burns J, Freed B, et al. Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic (MAGGIC) Heart Failure Risk Score: Validation of a Simple Tool for the Prediction of Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(20):e009594. doi:10.1161/JAHA.118.009594.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rich JD, Burns J, Freed B, et al. Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic (MAGGIC) Heart Failure Risk Score: Validation of a Simple Tool for the Prediction of Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(20):e009594. doi:10.1161/JAHA.118.009594.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotecha D, Flather MD, Altman DG, et al. Beta-Blockers in Heart Failure Collaborative Group. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(24):2885- 96. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotecha D, Flather MD, Altman DG, et al. Beta-Blockers in Heart Failure Collaborative Group. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(24):2885- 96. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osipova OA, Kulikovskii VF, Plaksina KG, et al. Clinical efficacy of a betablockers therapy in patients with chronic heart failure on the background of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Res Res Pharmacol: Pharmacol Clin Pharmacol. 2017;3(1):90-6. doi:10.18413/2500-235X-2017-3-1-90-96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipova OA, Kulikovskii VF, Plaksina KG, et al. Clinical efficacy of a betablockers therapy in patients with chronic heart failure on the background of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Res Res Pharmacol: Pharmacol Clin Pharmacol. 2017;3(1):90-6. doi:10.18413/2500-235X-2017-3-1-90-96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toyoda S, Haruyama A, Inami S, et al. Effects of carvedilol vs bisoprolol on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with chronic heart failure. J Cardiol. 2020;75(2):140-7. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.07.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toyoda S, Haruyama A, Inami S, et al. Effects of carvedilol vs bisoprolol on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with chronic heart failure. J Cardiol. 2020;75(2):140-7. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.07.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osipova OA, Gosteva EV, Shepel RN, et al. Study of the role of oxidative stress, antioxidant protection and immune inflammation markers in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure by the middle range ejection fraction in elderly patients depending on gender. J Crit Rev. 2020;7(15):14-21. doi:10.31838/jcr.07.15.03.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipova OA, Gosteva EV, Shepel RN, et al. Study of the role of oxidative stress, antioxidant protection and immune inflammation markers in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure by the middle range ejection fraction in elderly patients depending on gender. J Crit Rev. 2020;7(15):14-21. doi:10.31838/jcr.07.15.03.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohamed EA, Kassem HH. Protective effect of nebivolol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Arch Med Sci. 2018;14(6):1450-8. doi:10.5114/aoms.2018.79008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohamed EA, Kassem HH. Protective effect of nebivolol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Arch Med Sci. 2018;14(6):1450-8. doi:10.5114/aoms.2018.79008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azizi M. Aldosterone receptor antagonists. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2021;82(3-4):179-81. doi:10.1016/j.ando.2020.03.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azizi M. Aldosterone receptor antagonists. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2021;82(3-4):179-81. doi:10.1016/j.ando.2020.03.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zannad F, McMurray JJ, Krum H, et al. EMPHASIS-HF Study Group. Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(1):11-21. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1009492.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zannad F, McMurray JJ, Krum H, et al. EMPHASIS-HF Study Group. Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(1):11-21. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1009492.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swedberg K. EMPHASIS-HF Study Investigators. Eplerenone and atrial fibrillation in mild systolic heart failure: Results from the EMPHASIS-HF (Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survlval Study in Heart Failure) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(18):1598-603. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.063.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swedberg K. EMPHASIS-HF Study Investigators. Eplerenone and atrial fibrillation in mild systolic heart failure: Results from the EMPHASIS-HF (Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survlval Study in Heart Failure) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(18):1598-603. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.063.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ding Y, Wang Y, Jia Q, et al. Morphological and Functional Characteristics of Animal Models of Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Pressure Overload. Int J Hypertens. 2020;2020:3014693. doi:10.1155/2020/3014693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ding Y, Wang Y, Jia Q, et al. Morphological and Functional Characteristics of Animal Models of Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Pressure Overload. Int J Hypertens. 2020;2020:3014693. doi:10.1155/2020/3014693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овчинников А. Г., Ожерельева М. Г., Агеев Ф.Т. Фиброз левого желудочка: патогенез, диагностика, лечение. Неотложная кардиология. 2015;4:11-26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikov AG, Ozherel’eva MG, Ageev FT. Left ventricular fibrosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment brotic treatment. Emergency Cardiology. 2015;4:11-26. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown NJ. Contribution of aldosterone to cardiovascular and renal inflammation and fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2013;9(8):459- 69. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2013.110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown NJ. Contribution of aldosterone to cardiovascular and renal inflammation and fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2013;9(8):459- 69. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2013.110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zile MR, Baicu CF, Ikonomidis JS, et al. Myocardial stiffness in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction: contributions of collagen and titin. Circulation. 2015;131(14):1247-59. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013215.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zile MR, Baicu CF, Ikonomidis JS, et al. Myocardial stiffness in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction: contributions of collagen and titin. Circulation. 2015;131(14):1247-59. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013215.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDonald LT, Zile MR, Zhang Y, et al. Increased macrophagederived SPARC precedes collagen deposition in myocardial fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018;315(1):92-100. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00719.2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McDonald LT, Zile MR, Zhang Y, et al. Increased macrophagederived SPARC precedes collagen deposition in myocardial fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018;315(1):92-100. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00719.2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López B, Querejeta R, González A, et al. Collagen cross‐linking but not collagen amount associates with elevated filling pressures in hypertensive patients with stage C heart failure: potential role of lysyl oxidase. Hypertension. 2012;60(3):677-83. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.196113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López B, Querejeta R, González A, et al. Collagen cross‐linking but not collagen amount associates with elevated filling pressures in hypertensive patients with stage C heart failure: potential role of lysyl oxidase. Hypertension. 2012;60(3):677-83. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.196113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwartzkopff B, Brehm M, Mundhenke M, et al. Repair of coronary arterioles after treatment with perindopril in hypertensive heart disease. Hypertension. 2000;36(2):220-5. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.36.2.220.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwartzkopff B, Brehm M, Mundhenke M, et al. Repair of coronary arterioles after treatment with perindopril in hypertensive heart disease. Hypertension. 2000;36(2):220-5. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.36.2.220.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aoki T, Fukumoto Y, Sugimura K, et al. Prognostic impact of myocardial interstitial fibrosis in non‐ischemic heart failure– comparison between preserved and reduced ejection fraction heart failure. Circ J. 2011;75(11):2605-13. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-11-0568.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aoki T, Fukumoto Y, Sugimura K, et al. Prognostic impact of myocardial interstitial fibrosis in non‐ischemic heart failure– comparison between preserved and reduced ejection fraction heart failure. Circ J. 2011;75(11):2605-13. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-11-0568.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li F, Xu M, Fan Y, et al. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis and the prognosis of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Chinese patients: a cohort study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;36(4):671-89. doi:10.1007/s10554-019-01752-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li F, Xu M, Fan Y, et al. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis and the prognosis of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Chinese patients: a cohort study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;36(4):671-89. doi:10.1007/s10554-019-01752-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gyöngyösi M, Winkler J, Ramos I, et al. Myocardial fibrosis: biomedical research from bench to bedside. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(2):177-91. doi:10.1002/ejhf.696.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gyöngyösi M, Winkler J, Ramos I, et al. Myocardial fibrosis: biomedical research from bench to bedside. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(2):177-91. doi:10.1002/ejhf.696.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">González A, Schelbert EB, Díez J, et al. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis in heart failure: biological and translational perspectives. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(15):1696-706. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.a2018.02.021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">González A, Schelbert EB, Díez J, et al. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis in heart failure: biological and translational perspectives. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(15):1696-706. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.a2018.02.021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">González A, Ravassa S, Beaumont J, et al. New targets to treat the structural remodeling of the myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(18):1833-43. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.06.058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">González A, Ravassa S, Beaumont J, et al. New targets to treat the structural remodeling of the myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(18):1833-43. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.06.058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shemisa K. Novel Biomarkers of Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction in the General Population. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2017;14(4):301-10. doi:10.1007/s11897-017-0342-з.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shemisa K. Novel Biomarkers of Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction in the General Population. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2017;14(4):301-10. doi:10.1007/s11897-017-0342-з.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira SM, Ferreira MJ, Falcão-Pires I, et al. Circulating Biomarkers of Collagen Metabolism and Prognosis of Heart Failure with Reduced or Mid-Range Ejection Fraction. Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(22):3217-23. doi:10.2174/1381612823666170317124125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferreira SM, Ferreira MJ, Falcão-Pires I, et al. Circulating Biomarkers of Collagen Metabolism and Prognosis of Heart Failure with Reduced or Mid-Range Ejection Fraction. Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(22):3217-23. doi:10.2174/1381612823666170317124125.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларина В. Н. Возможности применения эплеренона при сердечной недостаточности с позиций доказательной медицины. РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2019;1(II):87-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larina VN. Eplerenone administration opportunities in heart failure from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;1(II):87-92. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
