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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3316</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-3316</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Артериальная гипертензия как следствие дисфункции эндотелиального гликокаликса: современный взгляд на проблему сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arterial hypertension as a consequence of endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction: a modern view of the problem of cardiovascular diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-8403</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshina</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Михайловна Зиганшина  — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-8160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Рустамович Зиганшин — клинический ординатор 1-го года по специальности анестезиология-реаниматология института анестезиологии-реаниматологии и трансфузиологии </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexei.ziganshin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8948-8983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халтурина</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalturina</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Олеговна Халтурина — врач аллерголог-иммунолог высшей категории; кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии им. акад. А. А. Воробьева</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jane_k@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-2823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Иванович Баранов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. отделом научно-образовательных программ департамента организации научной деятельности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i_baranov@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В. И. Кулакова" Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В. И. Кулакова" Минздрава России; &#13;
ФГАОУ ВО "Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова" Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology; &#13;
I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>3316</fpage><lpage>3316</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зиганшина М.М., Зиганшин А.Р., Халтурина Е.О., Баранов И.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зиганшина М.М., Зиганшин А.Р., Халтурина Е.О., Баранов И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ziganshina M.M., Ziganshin A.R., Khalturina E.O., Baranov I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3316">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3316</self-uri><abstract><p>Артериальная гипертензия (АГ) является ведущим фактором риска развития сердечно-сосудистых, цереброваскулярных и почечных заболеваний, которые входят в топ-10 самых распространенных причин смерти населения во всем мире. Этиология АГ не выяснена в полной мере, но установлено, что дисфункция эндотелия является наиболее значимым патогенетическим звеном формирования и прогрессирования заболевания. Научные данные, полученные в последние 10-15 лет, посвященные исследованиям эндотелиального гликокаликса (эГК) свидетельствуют, что эндотелиальной дисфункции предшествует дисфункция эГК, которая служит патофизиологическим фактором возрастного изменения сосудов. Признаки дисфункции эГК выражены при развитии АГ, заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы и их осложнений. Целью данного обзора является анализ и обоснование патофизиологической роли дисфункции эГК при АГ и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях и описание подходов для ее оценки и фармакологической коррекции. Были изучены абстракты и полноразмерные статьи 425 публикаций в базах Pubmed/MEDLINE за 15 лет. В обзоре обсуждается роль эГК в регуляции тонуса сосудов, барьерной функции эндотелия, антиадгезивные свойства эГК. Рассматриваются модификации эГК при воздействии провоспалительных стимулов, изменения эГК с возрастом и при повышенной солевой нагрузке. Освящается аспект, связанный с дисфункцией эГК при атеросклерозе, гипергликемии и гипертонической болезни. Оценка дисфункции эГК затруднена, но может быть выполнена непрямыми методами, в частности по детекции компонентов эГК в крови. Дается краткое описание основных подходов к фармакопревенции и фармакокоррекции АГ с позиции воздействия на эГК, что в настоящее время имеет больше фундаментальную, чем практическую направленность. Это открывает большие возможности для клинических исследований дисфункции эГК для профилактики и лечения АГ, и обосновывает новое направление в клинической фармакологии антигипертензивных средств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Arterial hypertension (AH) is a leading risk factor for the development of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal diseases, which are among the top 10 most common causes of death in the world. The etiology of hypertension has not been fully elucidated, but it has been established that endothelial dysfunction is the most significant pathogenetic link in the formation and progression of the disease. The data obtained in the last 10-15 years on endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) studies indicate that endothelial dysfunction is preceded </p><p>by destabilization and shedding of eGC with the appearance of its soluble components in the blood, which is equivalent to a process that can be designated as eGC dysfunction. Signs of eGC dysfunction are expressed in the development of hypertension, diseases of the cardiovascular system, and their complications. The purpose of this review is to analyze and substantiate the pathophysiological role of eGC dysfunction in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases and to describe approaches for its assessment and pharmacological correction. Abstracts and full-size articles of 425 publications in Pubmed/MEDLINE databases over 20 years were studied. The review discusses the role of eGC in the regulation of vascular tone, endothelial barrier function, and anti-adhesive properties of eGC. Modifications of eGC under the influence of pro-inflammatory stimuli, changes in eGC with age, and with increased salt load are considered. The aspect associated with eGC dysfunction in atherosclerosis, hyperglycemia and hypertension is covered. Assessment of eGC dysfunction is difficult but can be performed by indirect methods, in particular by detecting eGC components in blood. A brief description of the main approaches to pharmacoprevention and pharmacocorrection of hypertension is given from the position of exposure effects on eGC, which currently has more a fundamental than practical orientation. This opens up great opportunities for clinical studies of eGC dysfunction for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and justifies a new direction in the clinical pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальный гликокаликс</kwd><kwd>дисфункция эндотелиального гликокаликса</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>протеогликаны</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>гипергликемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>endothelial glycocalyx</kwd><kwd>endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>proteoglycans</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>hyperglycemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа Зиганшиной М.М. выполнена в рамках Государственного Задания МЗ РФ № 121040600435-0 «Обоснование персонализированных подходов к антигипертензивной терапии при ГРБ и ПЭ»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 121040600435-0 "Substantiation of personalized approaches to antihypertensive therapy for GRB and PE" in order to collect and analyze information about the subject of the study.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кобалава Ж. 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