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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3337</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-3337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к ранней диагностике и профилактике кардиоваскулярной токсичности, индуцированной таргетными препаратами и ингибиторами контрольных точек иммунитета, в онкогематологии (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular toxicity induced by targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors in oncohematology: a literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-3093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещерина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mescherina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, доцент, проректор по непрерывному образованию и международному сотрудничеству, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней № 1.</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Continuous Education and International Cooperation, Head of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 1.</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.mescherina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-7501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степченко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры.</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department Internal Diseases No. 1.</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepchenkoma@kursksmu.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-7235</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонтьева</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leontieva</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры.</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant lecturer of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 1.</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s-tayana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-322X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хардикова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khardikova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры.</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 1.</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rx-elena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-5418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайленко</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailenko</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры.</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant lecturer of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 1.</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatamihailenko22@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University (KSMU)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>3337</fpage><lpage>3337</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мещерина Н.С., Степченко М.А., Леонтьева Т.С., Хардикова Е.М., Михайленко Т.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мещерина Н.С., Степченко М.А., Леонтьева Т.С., Хардикова Е.М., Михайленко Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mescherina N.S., Stepchenko M.A., Leontieva T.S., Khardikova E.M., Mikhailenko T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3337">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3337</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработка и внедрение в клиническую практику таргетных препаратов и ингибиторов контрольных точек иммунитета (ИКТИ) позволили увеличить общую и бессобытийную выживаемость онкогематологических больных. В настоящее время в оценке эффективности терапевтической стратегии в каждом конкретном случае большое внимание уделяется оценке приемлемого профиля переносимости. Предметом обсуждения являются сердечно-сосудистые осложнения, индуцированные таргетными препаратами и ИКТИ. В обзоре преимущественно представлены вопросы кардиоваскулярной токсичности (КВТ) у отдельных групп онкогема-тологических больных (хронический лимфолейкоз, хронический миелолейкоз, множественная миелома). Спектр кардиоваскулярных нежелательных явлений, ассоциированных с применением в онкогематологической практике таргетных препаратов и ИКТИ, довольно широк: ишемическая болезнь сердца, заболевания периферических артерий, миокардиты, сердечная недостаточность, нарушения ритма сердца, артериальная гипертензия. Высокая значимость проблемы КВТ таргетной и иммунотерапии диктует необходимость прогнозирования возможности развития нежелательных явлений. Диагностика сердечной недостаточности, как одного из проявлений КВТ, основана на определении снижения фракции выброса левого желудочка при проведении эхокардиографии, реже — магнитно-резонансной томографии сердца, значимым показателем КВТ на доклиническом этапе является глобальная продольная деформация миокарда, определяемая с помощью методики спекл-трекинг. Особое внимание для определения васкулотоксичности уделяется показателям структуры сосудистой стенки и микроциркуляции: плотности капиллярной сети в покое, процентам капиллярного восстановления и перфузируемых капилляров, индексу жесткости крупных сосудов, индексу отражения мелких артерий и лабораторным маркерам воспаления и эндотелиальной дисфункции: С-реактивному белку, фибриногену, гомоцистеину, эндотелину-1, фактору роста эндотелия сосудов. Профилактика КВТ заключается в определении группы риска, коррекции факторов риска и назначении протективной терапии пациентам очень высокого и высокого риска. Одним из перспективных направлений предотвращения васкулотоксичности является использование препаратов из группы ингибиторов натрий-глюкозного ко-транспортера 2 типа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as well as their implementation into clinical practice has allowed increasing the overall and event-free survival of oncohematological patients. Currently, assessment of the efficacy of a therapeutic strategy in each specific case includes the evaluation of an acceptable tolerability profile. The subject of discussion includes cardiovascular complications induced by target drugs and ICIs. The review mainly presents the issues of cardiovascular toxicity (CVT) in certain groups of oncohematological patients (with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma). The spectrum of cardiovascular adverse effects associated with targeted and ICI therapy in oncohematological practice is quite wide — coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, myocarditis, heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertension. The high importance of the problem of using targeted and immunosuppressive therapy dictates the need to predict adverse effects. The diagnosis of heart failure (one of CVT manifestations) is based on determining the decreased left ventricular ejection fraction during echocardiography, less often — during cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; global longitudinal myocardial strain is a significant parameter of preclinical heart failure, which is determined using the speckle tracking technique. To determine vascular toxicity, a special attention is paid to the vascular wall structure and microcirculation parameters — capillary density at rest, percentage of capillary recovery and perfused capillaries, stiffness index for large blood vessels, reflection index for small arteries, laboratory markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, endothelin 1, vascular endothelial growth factor). CVT prevention presumes the determination of the risk group, correction of risk factors, and administration of protective therapy to very high and high-risk patients. One of the promising directions for preventing vascular toxicity is the use of sodium-glucose linked transporter-2 inhibitors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиоваскулярная токсичность</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы контрольных точек иммунитета</kwd><kwd>хронический лимфолейкоз</kwd><kwd>хронический миелолейкоз</kwd><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular toxicity</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>immune checkpoint inhibitors</kwd><kwd>chronic lymphocytic leukemia</kwd><kwd>chronic myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю. А., Гендлин Г. Е., Емелина Е. И. и др. 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