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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3517</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-3517</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>COVID-19 И БОЛЕЗНИ СИСТЕМЫ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COVID-19 AND DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение протеома конденсата выдыхаемого воздуха под влиянием ингаляционного водорода у пациентов с постковидным синдромом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the proteomics of exhaled breath condensate under the influence of inhaled hydrogen in patients with post-COVID syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9043-9129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябоконь</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabokon</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория кинетики и механизмов ферментативных и каталитических реакций.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amryabokon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-0079</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория масс-спектрометрии биомакромолекул.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvzakharova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-7449</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Индейкина</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Indeikina</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник, лаборатория масс-спектрометрии биомакромолекул.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariind@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-3458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононихин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononikhin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория масс-спектрометрии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konoleha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шогенова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shogenova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, доцент.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luda_shog@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой, факультет фундаментальной медицины.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.omedvedev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-9403</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костинов</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostinov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующий лабораторией вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний НИИВС им. Мечникова им. И.И. Мечникова; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monolit.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-8389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свитич</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svitich</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svitichoa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4641-6979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kunio</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kunio</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Kunio Ibaraki — Emeritus Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine.</p><p>Okinawa</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibaraki Kunio - Emeritus Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine.</p><p>Okinawa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maehiro@live.jp</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-9213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Hiroki</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hiroki</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Hiroki Maehara — Associate Professor.</p><p>Okinawa</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maehara Hiroki - Associate Professor.</p><p>Okinawa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maehiro@live.jp</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-2068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор физико-математических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, профессор, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ennikolaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2793-0710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеев</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeev</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор химических наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, научный руководитель, Институт физико-химических основ функционирования сетей нейронов и искусственного интеллекта, МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова; директор ИБХФ РАН; профессор, химический факультет, МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sdvarf@sky.chph.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-5528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chuchalin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сколковский институт науки и технологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова; Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>University of the Ryukyus</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of the Ryukyus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>University of the Ryukyus Hospital</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of the Ryukyus Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля Российской академии наук; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics; Institute of Physicochemical Foundations of the Functioning of Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University. Faculty of Fundamental Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3517</fpage><lpage>3517</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рябоконь А.М., Захарова Н.В., Индейкина М.И., Кононихин А.С., Шогенова Л.В., Медведев О.С., Костинов М.П., Свитич О.А., Kunio I., Hiroki M., Николаев Е.Н., Варфоломеев С.Д., Чучалин А.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябоконь А.М., Захарова Н.В., Индейкина М.И., Кононихин А.С., Шогенова Л.В., Медведев О.С., Костинов М.П., Свитич О.А., Kunio I., Hiroki M., Николаев Е.Н., Варфоломеев С.Д., Чучалин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabokon A.M., Zakharova N.V., Indeikina M.I., Kononikhin A.S., Shogenova L.V., Medvedev O.S., Kostinov M.P., Svitich O.A., Kunio I., Hiroki M., Nikolaev E.N., Varfolomeev S.D., Chuchalin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3517">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3517</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние ингаляционной терапии активной формой водорода (АФВ) на белковый состав конденсата выдыхаемого воздуха (КВВ) у пациентов с постковидным синдромом (ПКС).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В рандомизированное контролируемое параллельное проспективное исследование были включены 60 пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию (COVID-19, COronaVIrus Disease 2019) с ПКС в период выздоровления, имеющих клинические проявления синдрома хронической усталости и получавших стандартную терапию по протоколу ведения пациентов с синдромом хронической усталости. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: 1 группа (основная) — 30 человек, которые получали стандартную терапию и ингаляции АФВ (аппарат "SUISONIA", Япония) на протяжении 10 сут., и 2 группа (контрольная) — 30 медицинских работников, которые получали только стандартную терапию. Пациенты обеих групп были сопоставимы по полу и среднему возрасту. У всех участников исследования в 1-е и 10-е сут. отбирали пробы КВВ. Образцы подвергали триптическому гидролизу и проводили методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии в сочетании с тандемной масс-спектрометрией анализ с использованием нано-поточного хроматографа (Dionex 3000) в тандеме с времяпролетным масс-спектрометром высокого разрешения (timsTOF Pro).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С помощью масс-спектрометрии высокого разрешения было суммарно идентифицировано 478 белков и 1350 пептидов. Число белков в пробах после терапии АФВ, в среднем, на 12% больше, чем до лечения. Анализ распределения белков по различным группам пациентов показал, что лишь половина этих белков (112) являются общими для всех групп образцов и выявляются в КВВ до, после и в независимости от водородной терапии. Кроме качественной разницы в белковых составах КВВ у различных групп, были выявлены и количественные изменения в концентрации 36 белков (в основном, структурных и защитных), которые в совокупности позволили достоверно различить подгруппы до и после прохождения терапии. Важно отметить, что среди этих белков есть участники процессов свертывания крови (а-1-антитрипсин), опосредованного хемокина-ми и цитокинами воспаления, и ряда сигнальных путей (цитоплазматический актин 2), ответа на окислительный стресс (тиоредоксин), гликолиза (глицеральдегид-3-фосфатдегидрогеназа) и пр.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение водородной терапии может способствовать переключению ряда физиологических процессов, что может влиять на успех восстановительного лечения при ПКС. В частности, полученные результаты указывают на активацию водородной терапией аэробного синтеза аденозинтрифосфата в митохондриях, что хорошо соотносится с выявленным лабораторными исследованиями снижением уровня лактата в крови исследованных пациентов. При этом важно, что данная терапия может тормозить провоспа-лительную активность, негативно влияя на процессы свертывания и сигнальные пути интегринов и апоптоза, и, кроме того, активировать защитные пути, цикл трикарбоновых кислот, FAS-сигналинг и метаболизм пурина, что может быть существенным для эффективного восстановления после перенесенной COVID-19.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effect of inhalation therapy with an active hydrogen (AH) on the protein composition of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in patients with post-COVID syndrome (PCS).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This randomized controlled parallel prospective study included 60 patients after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with PCS during the recovery period and clinical manifestations of chronic fatigue syndrome who received standard therapy according to the protocol for managing patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (main) — 30 people who received standard therapy and AH inhalations (SUISONIA, Japan) for 10 days, and group 2 (control) — 30 medical workers who received only standard therapy. Patients in both groups were comparable in sex and mean age. All participants in the study were sampled with EBC on days 1 and 10. Samples were subjected to tryptic digestion and high-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry analysis using a nanoflow chromatograph (Dionex 3000) in tandem with a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (timsTOF Pro).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 478 proteins and 1350 peptides were identified using high resolution mass spectrometry. The number of proteins in samples after AH therapy, on average, is 12% more than before treatment. An analysis of the distribution of proteins in different groups of patients showed that only half of these proteins (112) are common for all groups of samples and are detected in EBC before, after, and regardless of hydrogen therapy. In addition to the qualitative difference in the EBC protein compositions in different groups, quantitative changes in the concentration of 36 proteins (mainly structural and protective) were also revealed, which together made it possible to reliably distinguish between subgroups before and after treatment. It is worth noting that among these proteins there are participants of blood coagulation (а-1-antitrypsin), chemokine- and cytokine-mediated inflammation, and a number of signaling pathways (cytoplasmic actin 2), response to oxidative stress (thioredoxin), glycolysis (glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase), etc.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of hydrogen therapy can contribute to the switching of a number of physiological processes, which may affect the success of recovery in PCS patients. In particular, the obtained results indicate the activation of aerobic synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in mitochondria by hydrogen therapy, which correlates well with the decrease in the blood lactate level detected by laboratory studies. At the same time, this therapy can inhibit pro-inflammatory activity, negatively affecting the coagulation and signaling pathways of integrins and apoptosis, and, in addition, activate protective pathways, tricarboxylic acid cycle, FAS signaling, and purine metabolism, which may be essential for effective recovery after COVID-19.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>активная форма водорода</kwd><kwd>конденсат выдыхаемого воздуха</kwd><kwd>протеом</kwd><kwd>масс-спектрометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>active hydrogen</kwd><kwd>exhaled breath condensate</kwd><kwd>proteome</kwd><kwd>mass spectrometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ballering AV, van Zon SKR, olde Hartman TC, et al. 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