cardiovascularКардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактикаCardiovascular Therapy and Prevention1728-88002619-0125«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3657FMHVVKcardiovascular-3657Research ArticleМНЕНИЕ ПО ПРОБЛЕМЕOPINION ON A PROBLEMПоловые и гендерные различия в здоровье и болезни. Часть I. ЭволюционнаяSex and gender differences in health and disease. Part I. Evolutionaryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430ДрапкинаО. М.DrapkinaO. M.

Драпкина Оксана Михайловна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор

Москва

Moscow

ODrapkina@gnicpm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-7696КимО. Т.KimO. T.

Ким Ольга Трофимовна — младший научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения

Москва

Moscow

olgakimt06@gmail.comФГБУ "Национальный научно-­исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава РоссииNational Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine20233006202322836573657Copyright © Драпкина О.М., Ким О.Т., 20232023Драпкина О.М., Ким О.Т.Drapkina O.M., Kim O.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3657

Пол влияет на многие аспекты существования человека, в т.ч. и на его здоровье. Продолжительность жизни — один из самых показательных примеров различий между полами. Установлено, что практически во всем мире женщины живут дольше мужчин, но разрыв в продолжительности жизни значительно варьирует от страны к стране. В обзоре обсуждаются эволюционные механизмы, обуславливающие эту разницу и потенциальные стратегии увеличения продолжительности жизни мужчин. Также рассматриваются вероятные процессы, приводящие к специфичной для пола заболеваемости.

Sex affects many aspects of a person's existence, including health. Life expectancy is one of the most telling examples of differences between the sexes. Almost all over the world, women have been found to live longer than men, but the gap in life expectancy varies considerably from country to country. The review discusses the evolutionary mechanisms behind this difference and potential strategies for increasing male life expectancy. Likely processes leading to sex-specific morbidity are also considered.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.