<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2024-4131</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KNNMTY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4131</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>COVID-19 И БОЛЕЗНИ СИСТЕМЫ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COVID-19 AND DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ассоциации уровней биохимических маркеров хронического и острого воспаления, абдоминального ожирения и постковидного синдрома у реконвалесцентов COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Associations of levels of biochemical markers of chronic and acute inflammation, abdominal obesity and post-COVID syndrome in COVID-19 convalescents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0423-5021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карасева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaseva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карасева Александра Александровна — м.н.с.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra A. Karaseva.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sas96@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-1566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanaseva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Афанасьева Алёна Дмитриевна — к.м.н., зав. лабораторией генетических и средовых детерминант жизненного цикла человека.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena D. Afanasyeva.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alene.elene@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5316-4664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбузова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbuzova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарбузова Евгения Витальевна — к.м.н., н.с. лаборатории генетических и средовых детерминант жизненного цикла человека.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya V. Garbuzova.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stryukova.j@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2268-4186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каштанова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashtanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каштанова Елена Владимировна — д.б.н., в.н.с. с в.о. зав. лабораторией лаборатории клинических, биохимических, гормональных исследований терапевтических заболеваний.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kashtanova.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elekastanova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-0280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полонская</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polonskaya</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полонская Яна Владимировна — д.б.н., с.н.с. лаборатории клинических, биохимических, гормональных исследований терапевтических заболеваний.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Polonskaya.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yana-polonskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-2549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шрамко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shramko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шрамко Виктория Сергеевна — к.м.н., н.с. лаборатории клинических, биохимических, гормональных исследований терапевтических заболеваний.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria S. Shramko.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">office@iimed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1348-0253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвиненко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvinenko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Логвиненко Ирина Ивановна — д.м.н., профессор, г.н.с. лаборатории профилактической медицины, зам. руководителя по лечебной работе.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Logvinenko.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">111157@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4936-8362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рагино</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ragino</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рагино Юлия Игоревна — д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, руководитель.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia I. Ragino.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ragino@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины — филиал ФГБНУ "Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" (НИИТПМ — филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Therapy and Preventive Medicine — branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>4131</fpage><lpage>4131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карасева А.А., Афанасьева А.Д., Гарбузова Е.В., Каштанова Е.В., Полонская Я.В., Шрамко В.С., Логвиненко И.И., Рагино Ю.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карасева А.А., Афанасьева А.Д., Гарбузова Е.В., Каштанова Е.В., Полонская Я.В., Шрамко В.С., Логвиненко И.И., Рагино Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karaseva A.A., Afanaseva A.D., Garbuzova E.V., Kashtanova E.V., Polonskaya Y.V., Shramko V.S., Logvinenko I.I., Ragino Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4131">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4131</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить ассоциации абдоминального ожирения (АО), уровней биохимических маркеров хронического и острого воспаления и постковидного синдрома (ПКС) у реконвалесцентов COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одномоментное обсервационное исследование включены 166 человек в возрасте 18-84 (44,6% мужчин), являющихся реконвалесцентами COVID-19. У всех пациентов оценивали данные анамнеза, определяли антропометрические параметры. АО определяли при окружности талии &gt;80 см у женщин и &gt;94 см у мужчин. В сыворотке крови методом иммуноферментного анализа определяли концентрации биохимических маркеров хронического и острого воспаления: интерферона альфа, интерлейкинов (ИЛ) 1бета (ИЛ-1β), ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8, моноцитарного хемотаксического фактора 1 (MCP-1), инсулина, С-пептида, С-реактивного белка, определенного высокочувствительным методом (вчСРБ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Реконвалесценты COVID-19 c ПКС и АО имели значимо более высокие уровни ИЛ-6 (3,13 [2,26;4,98] и 1,74 [1,10;3,04] пг/мл, p&lt;0,0001, соответственно) и вчСРБ (3,83 [2,42;10,16] и 2,34 [0,70;5,79] мг/л, p=0,028, соответственно), чем без АО. Инсулин и С-пептид продемонстрировали значимость различий у реконвалесцентов COVID-19 c АО независимо от ПКС. Результаты многофакторного логистического регрессионного анализа показали, что шанс наличия АО у реконвалесцентов COVID-19 с ПКС увеличивается в 1,6 раза при повышении в крови ИЛ-6 на 1 пг/мл (odds ratio (OR) 1,581, 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 1,001-2,416; p=0,047) и в 1,2 раза при повышении в крови инсулина на 1 пг/мл (OR 1,168, 95% ДИ: 1,015-1,343; p=0,030). Наличие АО у мужчин с ПКС ассоциировано с концентрацией в крови ИЛ-6 (OR 1,943, 95% ДИ: 1,018-3,709; p=0,044) и ИЛ-1β (OR 0,591, 95% ДИ: 0,362-0,967; p=0,036). Наличие ПКС у женщин с АО и сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями ассоциировано с уровнем MCP-1 (OR 0,991, 95% ДИ: 0,983-0,999; p=0,035).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У реконвалесцентов COVID-19 c ПКС шанс наличия АО ассоциирован с повышением в крови ИЛ-6 и инсулина. У мужчин шанс наличия АО ассоциирован с повышением ИЛ-6 и снижением ИЛ-1β. У женщин с АО и с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями в анамнезе наличие ПКС ассоциировано с уровнем MCP-1 в крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the associations of abdominal obesity (AO), levels of biochemical markers of chronic and acute inflammation, and post-COVID syndrome (PCS) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) con­valescents.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The cross-sectional observational study included 166 people aged 18-84 (44,6% men) who were COVID-19 convalescents. In all patients, medical history and anthropometric data were collected. AO was defined as waist circumference &gt;80 cm in women and &gt;94 cm in men. In the blood serum, the concentrations of following biochemical markers of chronic and acute inflammation were determined by the enzyme immunoassay method: interferon alpha, interleukins (IL) 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), insulin, C-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. COVID-19 convalescents with PCS and AO had significantly higher levels of IL-6 (3,13 [2,26;4,98] and 1,74 [1,10;3,04] pg/ml, p&lt;0,0001, respectively) and hsCRP (3,83 [2,42;10,16] and 2,34 [0,70;5,79] mg/l, p=0,028, respectively) than without AO. Insulin and C-peptide demonstrated significant differences in COVID-19 convalescents with AO regardless of PCS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having AO in COVID-19 convalescents with PCS increased by 1,6 times with an increase in blood IL-6 by 1 pg/ml (odds ratio (OR) 1,581, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,001-2,416; p=0,047) and by 1,2 times with an increase in blood insulin by 1 pg/ml (OR 1,168, 95% CI: 1,015-1,343; p=0,030). AO in men with PCS is associated with the concentration of IL-6 (OR 1,943, 95% CI: 1,018-3,709; p=0,044) and IL-1β (OR 0,591, 95% CI: 0,362-0,967; p=0,036). PCS in women with AO and cardiovascular diseases is associated with the level of MCP-1 (OR 0,991, 95% CI: 0,983-0,999; p=0,035).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In COVID-19 convalescents with PCS, the AO probability is associated with an increase in blood IL-6 and insulin. In men, the AO probability is associated with an increase in IL-6 and a decrease in IL-1β. In women with AO and a history of cardiovascular diseases, PCS is associated with the level of MCP-1 in the blood.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>реконвалесценты COVID-19</kwd><kwd>абдоминальное ожирение</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин-6</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин-1бета</kwd><kwd>МСР-1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 convalescents</kwd><kwd>abdominal obesity</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd><kwd>interleukin-6</kwd><kwd>interleukin-1beta</kwd><kwd>MCP-1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках бюджетной темы "Формирование когорт детского, подросткового, молодого населения для изучения механизмов и особенностей жизненного цикла человека в российской популяции", госрегистрация № 122031700115-7, при поддержке стипендии Президента РФ № СП-2974.2022.4 и гранта правительства Новосибирской области ГР-24 от 18.06.2024г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the bud­get theme "Formation of cohorts of children, adolescents, young people to study the mechanisms and characteristics of the human life cycle in the Russian population" (state registration № 122031700115-7) with the support of the scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation № SP-2974.2022.4 and the grant of the Novosibirsk region go­vernment GR-24 dated June 18, 2024.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cao H. Adipocytokines in obesity and metabolic disease. J Endocrinol. 2014;220(2):47-59. doi:10.1530/JOE-13-0339.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cao H. Adipocytokines in obesity and metabolic disease. J Endocrinol. 2014;220(2):47-59. doi:10.1530/JOE-13-0339.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рагино Ю. И., Щербакова Л. В., Облаухова В. И. и др. Адипокины крови у молодых людей с ранней ишемической болезнью сердца на фоне абдоминального ожирения. Кардиология. 2021;61(4):32-8. doi:10.18087/cardio.2021.4.n1369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ragino YuI, Shcherbakova LV, Oblaukhova VI, et al. Blood adipokins in young people with early ischemic heart disease on the back­ground of abdominal obesity. Kardiologiia. 2021;61(4):32-8. (In Russ.) doi:10.18087/cardio.2021.4.n1369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chait A, den Hartigh LJ. Adipose tissue distribution, inflammation and its metabolic consequences, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:22. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chait A, den Hartigh LJ. Adipose tissue distribution, inflammation and its metabolic consequences, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:22. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwaifa IK, Bahari H, Yong YK, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in obesity-induced inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomolecules. 2020;10(2):291. doi:10.3390/biom10020291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwaifa IK, Bahari H, Yong YK, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in obe­sity-induced inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomolecules. 2020;10(2):291. doi:10.3390/biom10020291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infec­ted with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 15;395(10223):497-506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infec­ted with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 15;395(10223):497-506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdallah SJ, Voduc N, Corrales-Medina VF, et al. Symptoms, pulmonary function, and functional capacity four months after COVID-19. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021;18(11):1912-7. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202012-1489RL.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdallah SJ, Voduc N, Corrales-Medina VF, et al. Symptoms, pulmonary function, and functional capacity four months after COVID-19. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021;18(11):1912-7. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202012-1489RL.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bekbossynova M, Tauekelova A, Sailybayeva A, et al. Unraveling acute and post-COVID cytokine patterns to anticipate future challenges. J Clin Med. 2023;12(16):5224. doi:10.3390/jcm12165224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bekbossynova M, Tauekelova A, Sailybayeva A, et al. Unraveling acute and post-COVID cytokine patterns to anticipate future challenges. J Clin Med. 2023;12(16):5224. doi:10.3390/jcm12165224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalamaga M, Christodoulatos G, Karampela I, et al. Understanding the co-epidemic of obesity and COVID-19: current evidence, comparison with previous epidemics, mechanisms, and preventive and therapeutic perspectives. Curr Obes Rep. 2021; 10(3):214-43. doi:10.1007/s13679-021-00436-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dalamaga M, Christodoulatos G, Karampela I, et al. Understanding the co-epidemic of obesity and COVID-19: current evidence, comparison with previous epidemics, mechanisms, and preventive and therapeutic perspectives. Curr Obes Rep. 2021; 10(3):214-43. doi:10.1007/s13679-021-00436-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gkogkou E, Barnasas G, Vougas K, et al. Expression profiling meta-analysis of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the putative anti-inflammatory receptor and priming protease of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells, and identification of putative modulators. Redox Biol. 2020;36:101615. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2020.101615.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gkogkou E, Barnasas G, Vougas K, et al. Expression profiling meta-analysis of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the putative anti-inflammatory receptor and priming protease of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells, and identification of putative modulators. Redox Biol. 2020;36:101615. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2020.101615.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vojdani A, Vojdani E, Saidara E, et al. Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, EBV, HHV-6 and other factors may contribute to inflammation and autoimmunity in long COVID. Viruses. 2023;15(2):400. doi:10.3390/v15020400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vojdani A, Vojdani E, Saidara E, et al. Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, EBV, HHV-6 and other factors may contribute to inflammation and autoimmunity in long COVID. Viruses. 2023;15(2):400. doi:10.3390/v15020400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вербовой А. Ф., Вербовая Н. И., Долгих Ю. А. Ожирение — основа метаболического синдрома. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2021;18(2):142-9. doi:10.14341/omet12707.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verbovoy AF, Verbovaya NI, Dolgikh YuA. Obesity is the basis of metabolic syndrome. Obesity and metabolism. 2021;18(2):142-9. (In Russ.) doi:10.14341/omet12707.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попкова Т. В., Новиков Д. С., Насонов Е. Л. Интерлейкин-6 и сердечно-сосудистая патология при ревматоидном артрите. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2011;49(4):64-72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popkova TV, Novikov DS, Nasonov EL. Interleukin 6 and cardiovascular pathology for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2011;49(4):64-72. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Удачкина Е. В., Новикова Д. С., Попкова Т. В. и др. Роль интерлейкина 6 в развитии атеросклероза при ревматоидном артрите. Современная ревматология. 2013;7(3):25-32. doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2013-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Udachkina EV, Novikova DS, Popkova TV, et al. Role of inter­leukin-6 in the development of atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2013;7(3):25-32. (In Russ.) doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2013-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Городин В. Н., Нестерова И. В., Матушкина В. А. и др. Высокие уровни цитокинов IL-17А, IL-18, VEGF-А в периоде реконвалесценции COVID-19 — биомаркеры незавершенности иммунного воспали тельного процесса, сигнализирующие об опасности развития постковидного синдрома. Инфекционные болезни. 2023;21(4):12-20. doi:10.20953/1729-9225-2023-4-12-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorodin VN, Nesterova IV, Matushkina VA, et al. High levels of cytokines IL-17A, IL-18, VEGF-A are biomarkers of the incompleteness of the immune inflammatory process, signaling the danger of developing postcovid syndrome in the period of COVID-19 reconvalescence. Infectious Diseases. 2023;21(4):12-20. (In Russ.) doi:10.20953/1729-9225-2023-4-12-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yong SJ, Halim A, Halim M, et al. Inflammatory and vascular bio­markers in post-COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 20 biomarkers. Rev Med Virol. 2023; 33(2):e2424. doi:10.1002/rmv.2424.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yong SJ, Halim A, Halim M, et al. Inflammatory and vascular bio­markers in post-COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 20 biomarkers. Rev Med Virol. 2023; 33(2):e2424. doi:10.1002/rmv.2424.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лагерева Ю. Г., Беляева С. В., Бейкин Я. Б. и др. Гендер-специфические иммунологические различия у детей и взрослых. Российский иммунологический журнал. 2012; 6(4):363-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lagereva YuG, Belyaeva SV, Beykin YaB, et al. Gender specific im­mune status differences in children and adults. Rossiyskiy immunologicheskiy zhurnal. 2012;6(4):363-9. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хрипун И. А., Гусова З. Р., Дзантиева Е. О. и др. Тестостерон как инструмент метаболического контроля мужского здоровья (обзор литературы). Медицинский вестник Юга России. 2014;(4):19-22. doi:10.21886/2219-8075-2014-4-19-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khripun IA, Gusova ZR, Dzantieva EO, et al. Testosterone as a tool of metabolic control of men’s health (review). Medical Herald of the South of Russia. 2014;(4):19-22. (In Russ.) doi:10.21886/2219-8075-2014-4-19-22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maggio M, Lauretani F, Ceda GP, et al. Association between hormones and metabolic syndrome in older Italian men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(12):1832-8. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00963.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maggio M, Lauretani F, Ceda GP, et al. Association between hor­mones and metabolic syndrome in older Italian men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(12):1832-8. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00963.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильина А. Е., Станислав М. Л., Денисов Л. Н. и др. Интерлейкин-1 как медиатор воспаления и терапевтическая мишень. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2011;49(5):62-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilyina AE, Stanislav ML, Denisov LN, et al. Interleykin-1 kak mediator vospaleniya i terapevticheskaya mishen. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2011;49(5):62-71. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щербаков В. И., Скосырева Г. А., Рябиченко Т. И. и др. Цитокины и регуляция метаболизма глюкозы и липидов при ожирении. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2022;19(3):317-23. doi:10.14341/omet12863.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scherbakov VI, Skosyreva GA, Ryabichenko TI, et al. Cytokines and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in the obesity. Obesity and metabolism. 2022;19(3):317-23. (In Russ.) doi:10.14341/omet12863.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fawzy S, Ahmed MM, Alsayed BA, et al. IL-2 and IL-1β patient immune responses are critical factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection out­comes. J Pers Med. 2022;12(10):1729. doi:10.3390/jpm12101729.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fawzy S, Ahmed MM, Alsayed BA, et al. IL-2 and IL-1β patient im­mune responses are critical factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection out­comes. J Pers Med. 2022;12(10):1729. doi:10.3390/jpm12101729.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никитина В. В., Захарова Н. Б. Значение МСР-1 как предиктора сосудистых нарушений. Саратовский научно-медицинский журнал. 2010;6(4):786-90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikitina VV, Zaharova NB. Value МСР-1 as predict vascular disturbances. Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research. 2010;6(4):786-90. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piemonti L, Calori G, Lattuada G, et al. Association between plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentration and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(11):2105-10. doi:10.2337/dc09-0763.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piemonti L, Calori G, Lattuada G, et al. Association between plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentration and cardiovascu­lar disease mortality in middle-aged diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(11):2105-10. doi:10.2337/dc09-0763.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тимофеев Ю. С., Джиоева О. Н., Драпкина О. М. Биологические маркеры при ожирении: фундаментальные и клинико-лабораторные аспекты. М.: ООО "Силицея-Полиграф", 2024. 108 с. ISBN: 978-5-6050540-9-2. doi:10.15829/ROPNIZ-t1-2024. EDN JZFEJM.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timofeev YuS, Dzhioeva ON, Drapkina OM. Biological mar­kers in obesity: fundamental and clinical and laboratory as­pects. Moscow: LLC "Silicea-Polygraph", 2024. 108 p. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/ROPNIZ-t1-2024. EDN JZFEJM.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh S, Anshita D, Ravichandiran V. MCP-1: Function, regulation, and involvement in disease. International Immunopharmacol. 2021;101(Pt B):107598. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh S, Anshita D, Ravichandiran V. MCP-1: Function, regulation, and involvement in disease. International Immunopharmacol. 2021;101(Pt B):107598. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Викторова И. А., Моисеева М. В., Ширлина Н. Г. и др. Абдоминальное ожирение — независимый фактор риска развития фатальных и нефатальных сердечно-сосудистых событий по данным проспективного наблюдательного эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ2. Профилактическая медицина. 2022;25(6):40-6. doi:10.17116/profmed20222506140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Viktorova IA, Moiseeva MV, Shirlina NG, et al. Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events according to the prospective observational epidemiological study ESSE-RF2. Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2022;25(6):40-6. (In Russ.) doi:10.17116/profmed20222506140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
