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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2024-4147</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JXTJEY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4147</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ХХ век: история медицины в поиске себя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>XX century: the history of medicine in quest of itself</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-6819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бергер</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berger</surname><given-names>E. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.и.н., с.н.с. Института всеобщей истории РАН и Российского музея медицины</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lenaberger67@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН "Институт всеобщей истории РАН";&#13;
ФГБНУ "Национальный НИИ общественного здоровья им. Н. А. Семашко"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3S</issue><issue-title>Профессиональное образование</issue-title><fpage>4147</fpage><lpage>4147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бергер Е.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бергер Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berger E.Е.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4147">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4147</self-uri><abstract><p>История медицины как отдельная отрасль знания была создана врачами. В XIXв произошел "отрыв" научной медицины от своего прошлого, и Гиппократ, Авиценна, Гарвей стали именно историей, а не фундаментом. История медицины остается необходимой частью медицинского образования, помогая молодым медикам самоидентифицироваться в профессии, показывая, на кого в ней можно и нужно равняться. В ХХв врачи не только не сторонились гуманитарных знаний, но и показывали прекрасные примеры работы в этой сфере.</p><p>В то же время в ХХв преобладало мнение, что объективный, систематический исторический анализы в области истории медицины привнесли профессиональные историки. Однако те, кто противопоставляет "любителей" врачей-историков, "профессиональным" историкам, создающим методологически сложные исследования, сильно упрощают проблему. Самые интересные работы появляются на стыке разных дисциплин.</p><p>Самые интересные исследования последних лет выполнены коллективом авторов разных специальностей. Именно они могут вывести нашу науку на новый этап развития.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The history of medicine as a separate discipline was created by doctors. In the 19th century, scientific medicine broke away from its past, and Hippocrates, Avicenna, Harvey became history, rather than foundation. The history of medicine continued to be a necessary part of medical education, helping young doctors to identify themselves in the profession, showing whom they can and should look up to in it. In the 20th century, doctors were no strangers to the humanities, but also showed excellent examples of work in the field.</p><p>At the same time, in the 20th century, the prevailing opinion was that objective, systematic historical analysis of medicine history was brought by professional historians. However, those who contrast "amateur" medical historians with "professional" historians who create methodologically complex studies greatly simplify the problem. The most interesting works appear at the intersection of different disciplines.</p><p>The most interesting studies of recent years have been carried out by a team of authors of different specialties. They are the ones who can bring our science to a new stage of development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>медицинское образование</kwd><kwd>«героический жанр»</kwd><kwd>междисциплинарные исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>medical education</kwd><kwd>"heroic genre"</kwd><kwd>interdisciplinary research</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medical History without Medicine: editorial. 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