cardiovascularКардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактикаCardiovascular Therapy and Prevention1728-88002619-0125«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.15829/1728-8800-2024-4214PTPSGIcardiovascular-4214Research ArticleПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯEDITORIALРоль биобанкирования в развитии персонализированной медицины в России и в миреRole of biobanking in the development of personalized medicine in Russia and the worldhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7131ПокровскаяМ. С.PokrovskayaM. S.

Мария Сергеевна Покровская — к.б.н., в.н.с. лаборатории "Банк биологического материала" Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.

Москва

Moscow

mpokrovskaia@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4020-6647БорисоваА. Л.BorisovaA. L.

Анна Львовна Борисова — н.с., руководитель лаборатории "Банк биологического материала" Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.

Москва

Moscow

a.borisova0108@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-8021КиселеваА. В.KiselevaA. V.

Анна Витальевна Киселева — в.н.с., к.б.н., руководитель лаборатории "Молекулярной генетики" Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.

Москва

Moscow

sanyutabe@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-0760ЕршоваА. И.ErshovaA. I.

Александра Игоревна Ершова — д.м.н., зам. директора по фундаментальной науке, руководитель лаборатории клиномики.

Москва

Moscow

alersh@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5989-6233МешковА. Н.MeshkovA. N.

Алексей Николаевич Мешков — д.м.н., руководитель Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.

Москва

Moscow

meshkov@lipidclinic.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430ДрапкинаО. М.DrapkinaO. M.

Оксана Михайловна Драпкина — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор.

Москва

Moscow

drapkina@bk.ruФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine2024281220242311Биобанкирование42144214Copyright © Покровская М.С., Борисова А.Л., Киселева А.В., Ершова А.И., Мешков А.Н., Драпкина О.М., 20252025Покровская М.С., Борисова А.Л., Киселева А.В., Ершова А.И., Мешков А.Н., Драпкина О.М.Pokrovskaya M.S., Borisova A.L., Kiseleva A.V., Ershova A.I., Meshkov A.N., Drapkina O.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4214

Для внедрения в практическое здравоохранение современного персонализированного подхода к лечению многих патологических состояний необходимо развитие новейших биомедицинских технологий и проведение генетических исследований. Изучение распространенности генетических факторов риска развития различных заболеваний, генов лекарственной устойчивости, разработка генетических панелей для определения индивидуального риска развития патологий, а также создание шкал генетического риска, требуют анализа большого количества данных. В обзоре на конкретных примерах показано, что современные биобанки стали необходимой структурой, способной накапливать, хранить и использовать биообразцы и связанные с ними данные в необходимом количестве для проведения генетических исследований в России и в мире. На основании собранных коллекций и баз данных с ассоциированной клинической информацией в биобанках, созданных в разных странах, проводят различные масштабные генетические исследования. Эффективность генетических разработок, в частности, для ранней диагностики заболеваний, прямо зависит от количества биобанков, от развития сотрудничества между ними в рамках консорциумов, от возможности совместного использования цифровых платформ, объединяющих базы данных. Биобанки и биобанкирование стали основой для развития персонализированной медицины.

To implement a modern personalized approach in practical healthcare, the latest biomedical technologies should be developed and genetic research should be performed. The analysis of a substantial quantity of data is essential for the investigation of the prevalence of genetic risk factors for various diseases, drug resistance genes, the development of genetic panels to determine the individual risk of pathologies, as well as the creation of genetic risk scores. The review demonstrates through the use of illustrative examples that contemporary biobanks have become a vital component in the field of genetics research, both in Russia and globally. These specialized institutions are capable of accumulating, storing, and utilizing a substantial quantity of biological samples and related data, which is essential for advancing genetic research. The data collected in biobanks and associated clinical information form the basis for large-scale genetic studies conducted in different countries. The efficacy of genetic advancements, such as the early diagnosis of diseases, is contingent upon the number of biobanks, the establishment of collaborative networks among them, and the capacity to leverage digital platforms uniting diverse databases. Biobanks and biobanking have emerged as the foundation for the advancement of personalized medicine.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.