<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4301</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OCMQUJ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4301</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОРОКИ СЕРДЦА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Связь эпикардиального и висцерального ожирения с характером ремоделирования миокарда у пациентов с приобретенным пороком митрального клапана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Relationship between epicardial/visceral obesity and myocardial remodeling characteristics in patients with acquired mitral valve disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-7638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дрень</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dren'</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Дрень — аспирант, м.н.с. лаборатории реабилитации</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Vladimirovna Dren', PhD student, junior researcher of laboratory of rehabilitation</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.tolpekina.v@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-5921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляпина</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyapina</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Ляпина — к.м.н., с.н.с. лаборатории реабилитации отдела клинической кардиологии, врач-кардиолог центра легочной артериальной гипертензии</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Nikolaevna Lyapina, senior researcher at the Rehabilitation Laboratory, the Department of Clinical Cardiology, Cardiologist of pulmonary arterial hypertension center</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zaviirina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-204X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стасев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stasev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Стасев — к.м.н., с.н.с. лаборатории пороков сердца отдела хирургии сердца и сосудов, врач сердечно-сосудистый хирург</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr Nikolaevich Stasev, PhD, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Heart Defects, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">astasev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5244-2976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамчур</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamchur</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Мамчур — к.м.н., врач отделения функциональной и ультразвуковой диагностики</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Nikolaevna Mamchur, PhD, Physician at the Department of Functional and Ultrasonic Diagnostics</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mamchuririna77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-4022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брель</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brel</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Кирилловна Брель — к.м.н., врач 1 категории, врач-рентгенолог, зав. отделением лучевой диагностики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Kirillovna Brel, MD, 1st category doctor, Radiologist, Head of the Department of Radiology of the Hospital No. 2</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brel.n.k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-4852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кареева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kareeva</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Ильясовна Кареева — м.н.с. лаборатории лучевых методов диагностики</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Ilyasovna Kareeva, junior researcher of laboratory of radiation diagnostic methods</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kareevaai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Леонидовна Барбараш — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Leonidovna Barbarash, Academician of RAS, MD, professor, Head of Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barbol@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ "Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО "СМ-Клиника"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “SM-clinic”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>4301</fpage><lpage>4301</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дрень Е.В., Ляпина И.Н., Стасев А.Н., Мамчур И.Н., Брель Н.К., Кареева А.И., Барбараш О.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дрень Е.В., Ляпина И.Н., Стасев А.Н., Мамчур И.Н., Брель Н.К., Кареева А.И., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dren' E.V., Lyapina I.N., Stasev A.N., Mamchur I.N., Brel N.K., Kareeva A.I., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4301">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4301</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить связь эпикардиального и висцерального ожирения (ВО) с характером ремоделирования сердца у пациентов с приобретенным пороком митрального клапана (МК), имеющих показания для хирургической коррекции порока.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 49 пациентов, госпитализированных для коррекции приобретенного порока МК неинфекционного генеза. Пациенты были разделены на группы согласно результатам мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии: 1 группа с ВО: висцеральная жировая ткань ≥130 см² (n=28), и 2 группа без ВО (n=21).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе пациентов с ВО имело место более выраженное нарушение глобальной продольной деформации левого желудочка (ЛЖ) по сравнению с группой без ВО (-15,65 [-18,8; -11,6] vs -19,4 [-21,3; -16,9]%, р=0,020). Фракция выброса правого желудочка (3Д-эхокардиография) в 1-й группе была ниже по сравнению с пациентами группы 2: медиана 46 [40,6; 48,9] vs 53 [45,8; 54,2]% (p=0,042). Выявлено, что увеличение объема эпикардиальной жировой ткани (ЭЖТ) на 1 см³ по данным мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии ассоциировано с увеличением левого предсердия на В-коэффициент 0,009 (р=0,001), конечного систолического объема ЛЖ на В-коэффициент =0,1224 (р=0,046). Индекс висцеральная жировая ткань/подкожная жировая ткань &gt;0,4 связан с увеличением индекса массы миокарда ЛЖ на В-коэффициент =44,7 (р=0,001). По данным ROC-анализа объем ЭЖТ &gt;115,1 см³ ассоциирован с наличием нарушений ритма сердца по типу фибрилляции предсердий — AUC (площадь под ROC-кривой)=0,714 (р=0,003).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наличие ВО ассоциировано с более выраженным структурно-функциональным нарушением желудочков сердца, а значение ЭЖТ &gt;115,1 см³ ассоциировано с наличием фибрилляции предсердий у пациента до коррекции порока МК.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To study the relationship between epicardial/visceral obesity and cardiac remodeling characteristics in patients with acquired mitral valve (MV) disease and indications for surgical treatment of the defect.Material and methods. The study included 49 patients hospitalized for surgery of non-infectious acquired MV defect. Patients were divided into groups according to computed tomography as follows: group 1 — with visceral obesity (visceral adipose tissue ≥130 cm2 (n=28)), and group 2 — without visceral obesity (n=21).Results. Patients with visceral obesity had more impaired left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain compared to the group without visceral obesity (-15,65 [-18,8; -11,6] vs -19,4 [-21,3; -16,9]%, p=0,020). Right ventricular ejection fraction (3D echocardiography) in group 1 was lower compared to patients in group 2 as follows: median 46 [40,6; 48,9] vs 53 [45,8; 54,2]% (p=0,042). Increase in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume by 1 cm3 according to multislice computed tomography was associated with left atrial increase by a B-coefficient of 0,009 (p=0,001) and LV end-systolic volume by a B-coefficient of 0,1224 (p=0,046). The visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue index &gt;0,4 is associated with an increase in the LV mass index by a B-coefficient of 44,7 (p=0,001). According to the ROC analysis, the EAT volume &gt;115,1 cm3 is associated with arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AUC=0,714 (p=0,003)).Conclusion. Visceral obesity is associated with a more pronounced structural and functional impairment of heart ventricles, while EAT volume &gt;115,1 cm3 — with atrial fibrillation before MV defect surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>приобретенный порок митрального клапана</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование миокарда</kwd><kwd>висцеральное ожирение</kwd><kwd>эпикардиальный жир</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acquired mitral valve disease</kwd><kwd>myocardial remodeling</kwd><kwd>visceral obesity</kwd><kwd>epicardial fat</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено на базе НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-75-10031 "Эпикардиальное и висцеральное ожирение как фактор, влияющий на ремоделирование миокарда и сосудов легких после хирургической коррекции приобретенных пороков клапанов сердца".</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases” with the support of the Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 24-75-10031 "Epicardial and visceral obesity as a factor influencing the remodeling of the myocardium and pulmonary vessels after surgical correction of acquired valvular heart diseases"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihl C, Dassen WR, Kuipers H. Cardiac remodelling: concentric versus eccentric hypertrophy in strength and endurance athletes. Neth Heart J. 2008;16(4):129-33. doi:10.1007/BF03086131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihl C, Dassen WR, Kuipers H. Cardiac remodelling: concentric versus eccentric hypertrophy in strength and endurance athletes. Neth Heart J. 2008;16(4):129-33. doi:10.1007/BF03086131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Elia N, D'hooge J, Marwick TH. Association Between Myocardial Mechanics and Ischemic LV Remodeling. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8(12):1430-43. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2015. 10.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Elia N, D'hooge J, Marwick TH. Association Between Myocardial Mechanics and Ischemic LV Remodeling. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8(12):1430-43. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2015. 10.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенова Е. И., Железнев С. И., Семенов И. И. и др. Протезирование клапанов сердца у больных пожилого возраста. Факторы риска: ассоциированные заболевания. Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины. 2007;22(3):97-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenova YeI, Zheleznev SI, Semenov II, et al. Cardiac valves’prosthetics in elderly patients. Risk factors: associated morbidity. Sibirskij zhurnal klinicheskoj i eksperimental'noj mediciny. 2007;22(3):97-100. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гриценко О. В., Чумакова Г. А., Ельчанинова С. А. и др. Липотоксическое поражение миокарда при ожирении. CardioСоматика. 2017;8(4):36-40. doi:10.26442/CS45386.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gritsenko OV, Chumakova GA, Elchaninova SA, et al. Lipotoxicity damage of myocardium in obesity. Cardiosomatics. 2017;8(4):36-40. (In Russ.). doi:10.26442/CS45386.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guler S, Varol E. The relation between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and mitral annular calcification. Afr Health Sci. 2019;19(1):1657-64. doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i1.41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guler S, Varol E. The relation between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and mitral annular calcification. Afr Health Sci. 2019;19(1):1657-64. doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i1.41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брель Н. К., Груздева О. В., Коков А. Н. и др. Взаимосвязь висцерального ожирения и коронарного кальциноза при ишемической болезни сердца. Терапевтический архив. 2021; 93(12):1428-34. doi:10.26442/00403660.2021.12.201277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brel NK, Gruzdeva OV, Kokov AN, et al. Relationship of visceral obesity and coronary calcinosis in ischemic heart disease. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv. 2021;93(12):1428-34. (In Russ.). doi:10.26442/00403660.2021.12.201277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брель Н. К., Груздева О. В., Коков А. Н. и др. Взаимосвязь кальциноза коронарных артерий и локальных жировых депо у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 2022;11(3):51-63. doi:10.17802/2306-1278-2022-11-3-51-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brel NK, Gruzdeva OV, Kokov AN, et al. Relationship of coronary calcinosis and local fat deposts in patients with coronary artery disease. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2022;11(3): 51-63. (In Russ.). doi:10.17802/2306-1278-2022-11-3-51-63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Heijden CAJ, Verheule S, Olsthoorn J, et al. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and atrial epicardial fat: Is there a link? Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2022;39:100976. doi:10.1016/j.ijcha.2022. 100976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van der Heijden CAJ, Verheule S, Olsthoorn J, et al. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and atrial epicardial fat: Is there a link? Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2022;39:100976. doi:10.1016/j.ijcha.2022. 100976.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varghese B, Swamy S, Srilakshmi MA, et al. Visceral adiposity in young patients with coronary artery diseasea case control study. Indian Heart J. 2012;64(3):284-9. doi:10.1016/S0019-4832(12)60088-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varghese B, Swamy S, Srilakshmi MA, et al. Visceral adiposity in young patients with coronary artery diseasea case control study. Indian Heart J. 2012;64(3):284-9. doi:10.1016/S0019-4832(12)60088-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galderisi M, Cosyns B, Edvardsen T, et al. Standardization of adult transthoracic echocardiography reporting in agreement with recent chamber quantification, diastolic function, and heart valve disease recommendations: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J-Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(12):1301-10. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jex244.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galderisi M, Cosyns B, Edvardsen T, et al. Standardization of adult transthoracic echocardiography reporting in agreement with recent chamber quantification, diastolic function, and heart valve disease recommendations: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J-Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(12):1301-10. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jex244.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исламова М. Р., Сафарова А. Ф., Кобалава Ж. Д. и др. Прогностическое значение дисфункции правого желудочка у пациентов с декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточности. Кардиология. 2023;63(3):13-20. doi:10.18087/cardio.2023.3.n2071.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Islamova MR, Safarova AF, Kobalava ZhD, et al. Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients With Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure. Kardiologiia. 2023;63(3):13-20. (In Russ.). doi:10.18087/cardio.2023.3.n2071.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fragasso G, Sanvito F, Monaca G, et al. Myocardial fibrosis in asymptomatic patients undergoing surgery for mitral and aortic valve regurgitation. J Cardiovasc Med. 2022;23(8):505-12. doi:10.2459/JCM.0000000000001347.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fragasso G, Sanvito F, Monaca G, et al. Myocardial fibrosis in asymptomatic patients undergoing surgery for mitral and aortic valve regurgitation. J Cardiovasc Med. 2022;23(8):505-12. doi:10.2459/JCM.0000000000001347.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marsan NA, Delgado V, J Shah D, et al. Valvular heart disease: shifting the focus to the myocardium. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(1): 28-40. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac504.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marsan NA, Delgado V, J Shah D, et al. Valvular heart disease: shifting the focus to the myocardium. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(1): 28-40. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac504.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong CY, O'Moore-Sullivan T, Leano R. Association of subclinical right ventricular dysfunction with obesity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;4(3):611-6. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong CY, O'Moore-Sullivan T, Leano R. Association of subclinical right ventricular dysfunction with obesity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;4(3):611-6. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nazare JA, Smith J, Borel A-L, et al. Usefulness of measuring both body mass index and waist circumference for the estimation of visceral adiposity and related cardiometabolic risk profile (from the INSPIRE ME IAA study). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115(3):307-15. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.10.039.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nazare JA, Smith J, Borel A-L, et al. Usefulness of measuring both body mass index and waist circumference for the estimation of visceral adiposity and related cardiometabolic risk profile (from the INSPIRE ME IAA study). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115(3):307-15. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.10.039.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дружилов М. А., Бетелева Ю. Е., Дружилова О. Ю. и др. Роль эпикардиального ожирения в развитии структурно-функционального ремоделирования сердца. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2017;(4):35-9. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2017-4-35-39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druzhilov MA, Beteleva YuE, Druzhilova OYu, et al. The role of epicardial obesity in the development of structural and functional remodeling of the heart. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2017;(4):35-9. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2017-4-35-39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zain S, Shamshad T, Kabir A, et al. Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Development of Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB) and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF). Cureus. 2023;15(9):46153. doi:10.7759/cureus.46153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zain S, Shamshad T, Kabir A, et al. Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Development of Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB) and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF). Cureus. 2023;15(9):46153. doi:10.7759/cureus.46153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джиоева О. Н., Тимофеев Ю. С., Метельская В. А. и др. Роль эпикардиальной жировой ткани в патогенезе хронического воспаления при сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2024;23(3):3928. doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2024-3928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhioeva ON, Timofeev YuS, Metelskaya VA, et al. Role of epicardial adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2024;23(3):3928. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2024-3928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чумакова Г. А., Веселовская Н. Г. Методы оценки висцерального ожирения в клинической практике. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;(4):89-96. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-4-89-96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chumakova GA, Veselovskaya NG. Methods of visceral obesity assessment in clinical practice. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2016;(4):89-96. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-4-89-96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синицкий М. Ю., Понасенко А. В., Груздева О. В. Генетический профиль и секретом адипоцитов висцеральной и подкожной жировой ткани у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 2017;6(3):155-65. doi:10.17802/2306-1278-2017-6-3-155-165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinitsky MY, Ponasenko AV, Gruzdeva OV. Genetic profile and secretome of adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2017;6(3):155-65. (In Russ.). doi:10.17802/2306-1278-2017-6-3-155-165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чумакова Г. А., Гриценко О. В., Груздева О. В. и др. Прогнозирование риска развития диастолической дисфункции левого желудочка при ожирении. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2022;27(4):4811. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2022-4811.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chumakova GA, Gritsenko OV, Gruzdeva OV, et al. Predicting the risk of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in obesity. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2022;27(4):4811. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2022-4811.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дрень Е. В., Ляпина И. Н., Печерина Т. Б. и др. Фенотип современного пациента с приобретёнными пороками клапанов сердца: обзор литературы. CardioСоматика. 2023;14(4):269-82. doi:10.17816/CS601825.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dren’ EV, Lyapina IN, Pecherina TB, et al. Phenotype of a patient with valvular heart disease: literature review. CardioSomatics. 2023;14(4):269-82. (In Russ.). doi:10.17816/CS601825.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гёчер К., Озтюрк Б., Канийолу М., Чалышган Э., Текиналп М., Алтынсой М. Толщина эпикардиальной жировой ткани как предиктор желудочковой экстрасистолии. Кардиология. 2024;64(6):65-71. doi:10.18087/cardio.2024.6.n2540.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Göçer K, Öztürk B, Kaniyolu M, et al. Epicardial Fat Thickness as a Predictor of Ventricular Extrasystoles. Kardiologiia. 2024; 64(6):65-71. (In Russ.). doi:10.18087/cardio.2024.6.n2540.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Druzhilov MA, Kuznetsova TYu. Epicardial fat thickness as a tool for predicting complicated obesity. J Biomed Technol. 2015;2:49-58. doi:10.15393/j6.art.2015.3261.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druzhilov MA, Kuznetsova TYu. Epicardial fat thickness as a tool for predicting complicated obesity. J Biomed Technol. 2015;2:49-58. doi:10.15393/j6.art.2015.3261.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миклишанская С. В., Мазур Н. А., Чапурных А. В. и др. Значение эпикардиальной жировой ткани в развитии фибрилляции предсердий у больных артериальной гипертонией: пилотное исследование. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2024;29(5):5659. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2024-5659.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miklishanskaya SV, Mazur NA, Chapurnykh AV, et al. Contribution of epicardial adipose tissue to atrial fibrillation development in patients with arterial hypertension: a pilot study. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2024;29(5):5659. (In Russ.). doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2024-5659.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ионин В. А., Листопад О. В., Нифонтов С. Е. и др. Роль галектина-3 и эпикардиального жира в развитии фибрилляции предсердий у пациентов при метаболическом синдроме. Ученые записки СПбГМУ имени академика И. П. Павлова. 2015;22(1):43-6. doi:10.24884/1607-4181-2015-22-1-43-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ionin VA, Listopad OV, Nifontov SE, et al. Role of galectin 3 and epicardial fat thickness in the development of atrial fibrillation in patients with metabolic syndrome. The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University. 2015;22(1):43-6. (In Russ.). doi:10.24884/1607-4181-2015-22-1-43-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haemers P, Hamdi H, Guedj K, et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with the fibrotic remodelling of adipose tissue in the subepicardium of human and sheep atria. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(1): 53-61. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv625.21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haemers P, Hamdi H, Guedj K, et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with the fibrotic remodelling of adipose tissue in the subepicardium of human and sheep atria. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(1): 53-61. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv625.21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coisne A, Ninni S, Ortmans S, et al. Epicardial fat amount is associated with the magnitude of left ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;35(2):267-73. doi:10.1007/s10554-018-1477-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coisne A, Ninni S, Ortmans S, et al. Epicardial fat amount is associated with the magnitude of left ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;35(2):267-73. doi:10.1007/s10554-018-1477-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song XT, Zhang PY, Fan L, et al. Epicardial adipose tissue and right ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2022;19(4):14791641221118622. doi:10.1177/14791641221118622.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song XT, Zhang PY, Fan L, et al. Epicardial adipose tissue and right ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2022;19(4):14791641221118622. doi:10.1177/14791641221118622.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y, Li J, Li F, et al. Impact of Epicardial Adipose Tissue on Right Cardiac Function and Prognosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Chest. 2024;165(5):1211-23. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2023.11.039.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y, Li J, Li F, et al. Impact of Epicardial Adipose Tissue on Right Cardiac Function and Prognosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Chest. 2024;165(5):1211-23. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2023.11.039.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вавилов А. В., Скопин И. И. Патогенез, диагностика и хирургическое лечение ишемической недостаточности митрального клапана. Грудная и сердечно-сосудистая хирургия. 2018;60(3):185-93. doi:10.24022/0236-2791-2018-60-3-185-193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vavilov AV, Skopin II. Pathogenesis, diagnostics and surgical treatment of ischemic mitral valve insufficiency. Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2018;60(3):185-93. (In Russ.). doi:10.24022/0236-2791-2018-60-3-185-193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аверина И. И., Мироненко М. Ю., Бокерия Л. А. Прогностическая ценность глобальной продольной деформации левого предсердия в развитии сердечной недостаточности у пациентов с клапанными пороками сердца. Креативная кардиология. 2021; 15(4):510-23. doi:10.24022/1997-3187-2021-15-4-510-523.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Averina II, Mironenko MYu, Bokeria LA. Prognostic value of global longitudinal deformation of the left atrium in the development of heart failure in patients with valvular heart disease. Creative cardiology. 2021;15(4):510-23. (In Russ.). doi:10.24022/1997-3187-2021-15-4-510-523.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
