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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4343</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SVUUNT</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4343</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СМЕЖНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERDISCIPLINARY PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность и предикторы развития послеоперационной пневмонии при коронарном шунтировании: одноцентровое регистровое исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence and predictors of postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting: a single-center registry study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0211-4525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавешников</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaveshnikov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кавешников Владимир Сергеевич — к.м.н., в.н.с. лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaveshnikov29@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5587-3947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмичкина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmichkina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмичкина Мария Анатольевна — к.м.н., н.с. лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzmariakuz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4743-1989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавешников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaveshnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кавешников Артём Владимирович — м.н.с. лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemkave@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0004-7717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ваизов</surname><given-names>В. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vaizov</surname><given-names>V. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ваизов Валерий Харисович — к.м.н., м.н.с. лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaizov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7118-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Островик</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostrovik</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Островик Маргарита Олеговна — м.н.с. лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostrovikrita@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-708X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryakova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серебрякова Виктория Николаевна — к.м.н., руководитель лаборатории регистров сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, высокотехнологичных вмешательств и телемедицины</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsk75@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-4490</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калашникова Татьяна Петровна — к.м.н., с.н.с. лаборатории медицины критических состояний</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tpk@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3220-1506</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арсеньева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arsenyeva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арсеньева Юлия Анатольевна — м.н.с. отделения сердечно-сосудистой хирургии</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arseneva@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-7737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлов Борис Николаевич — д.м.н., руководитель отделения сердечно-сосудистой хирургии</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bnkozlov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-0253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бощенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boshchenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бощенко Алла Александровна — д.м.н., зам. директора по научной работе</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bosh@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, ФГБНУ "Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>4343</fpage><lpage>4343</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кавешников В.С., Кузьмичкина М.А., Кавешников А.В., Ваизов В.Х., Островик М.О., Серебрякова В.Н., Калашникова Т.П., Арсеньева Ю.А., Козлов Б.Н., Бощенко А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кавешников В.С., Кузьмичкина М.А., Кавешников А.В., Ваизов В.Х., Островик М.О., Серебрякова В.Н., Калашникова Т.П., Арсеньева Ю.А., Козлов Б.Н., Бощенко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaveshnikov V.S., Kuzmichkina M.A., Kaveshnikov A.V., Vaizov V.K., Ostrovik M.O., Serebryakova V.N., Kalashnikova T.P., Arsenyeva Y.A., Kozlov B.N., Boshchenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4343">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4343</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить распространенность и предикторы развития послеоперационной пневмонии (ПП) после операции коронарного шунтирования (КШ) по данным госпитального регистра.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Ретроспективное исследование 925 пациентов, перенесших плановое КШ в 2017-2019гг, на основе данных госпитального регистра. В 11% случаев выполнялось сочетанное вмешательство. Диагноз ПП устанавливался согласно национальным рекомендациям. Для выявления предикторов использовалась многофакторная логистическая регрессия. В ассоциативный анализ включали дооперационные, операционные и послеоперационные переменные.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота развития ПП составила 8,7%. ПП развивалась на 5,5 [3; 8] сут. (Me [Q25; Q75]) после операции КШ. Гендерная принадлежность не влияла на риск. В однофакторном анализе значимыми факторами ПП были дооперационный уровень лейкоцитов, длительность пережатия аорты (ПА) и максимальный уровень креатинфосфокиназы (КФК) после операции. В многофакторной модели подтвердился независимый характер предикторов: дооперационный уровень лейкоцитов (OR — odds ratio (отношение шансов) =1,11; p=0,008), длительность ПА (OR=1,07; p=0,045) и послеоперационный уровень КФК (OR=1,04; p=0,018). Сочетанные операции риск не увеличивали.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ПП являются серьезным осложнением кардиохирургических операций, негативно влияющим на клинические результаты и экономические аспекты лечения. После КШ в обследованной когорте ПП выявлялась в 8,7% случаев. Ключевыми предикторами были: дооперационный уровень лейкоцитов, длительность ПА и максимальный послеоперационный уровень КФК. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможной пользе мониторинга отдельных воспалительных маркеров и минимизации времени ПА для прогнозирования и снижения риска развития пневмонии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the prevalence and predictors of postoperative pneumonia (PP) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) based on inhospital registry data.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This retrospective study of 925 patients who underwent elective CABG in 2017-2019 based on inhospital registry data. Combined intervention was performed in 11% of cases. PP was diagnosed according to national guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors. Preoperative, surgical, and postoperative variables were included in the association analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The incidence of PP was 8,7%. PP developed on day 5,5 [3; 8] (Me [Q25; Q75]) after CABG. Sex did not affect the risk. In univariate analysis, significant factors for PP were preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count, aortic cross-clamp time (ACCT), and maximum postoperative creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level. In the multivariate model, the independent nature of predictors was confirmed: preoperative leukocyte count (OR — odds ratio (odds ratio) =1,11; p=0,008), AC duration (OR=1,07; p=0,045), and postoperative CPK level (OR=1,04; p=0,018). Combined surgeries did not increase the risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. PP is a serious complication of cardiac surgery, negatively affecting clinical outcomes and economic aspects of treatment. After CABG, PP was detected in 8,7% of cases in the examined cohort. There were following key predictors: preoperative WBC count, ACCT, and maximum postoperative CPK level. The obtained results indicate the possible benefit of monitoring individual inflammatory markers and minimizing ACCT for predicting and reducing the risk of pneumonia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>послеоперационная пневмония</kwd><kwd>коронарное шунтирование</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>предикторы</kwd><kwd>лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>время пережатия аорты</kwd><kwd>креатинфосфокиназа</kwd><kwd>регистры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postoperative pneumonia</kwd><kwd>coronary artery bypass grafting</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>predictors</kwd><kwd>leukocytes</kwd><kwd>aortic cross-clamp time</kwd><kwd>creatine phosphokinase</kwd><kwd>registries</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бокерия Л.А., Милиевская Е.Б., Прянишников В.В. и др. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия — 2022. 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