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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4424</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ENXBBZ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4424</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Курение, отказ от курения и риск смерти от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и всех причин (34-летнее когортное проспективное исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Smoking, smoking cessation, and cardiovascular and all-cause death risk (a 34-year cohort prospective study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-0181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгалёв</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgalev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгалёв Игорь Владимирович — д.м.н., зав. кафедрой факультетской терапии с курсами эндокринологии и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Dolgalev</p><p>Tomsk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivdolgalev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4140-9067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Алёна Юрьевна — к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии с курсами эндокринологии и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena Yu. Ivanova</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a181288@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-1000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саркисова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarkisova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саркисова Ольга Леонидовна — к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии с курсами эндокринологии и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Sarkisova</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SarkisovaOlga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6545-0725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быконя</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykonya</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быконя Валерия Максимовна — студент 5 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria M. Bykonya</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bykonya.valeria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО "Сибирский государственный медицинский университет" Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>4424</fpage><lpage>4424</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгалёв И.В., Иванова А.Ю., Саркисова О.Л., Быконя В.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгалёв И.В., Иванова А.Ю., Саркисова О.Л., Быконя В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgalev I.V., Ivanova A.Y., Sarkisova O.L., Bykonya V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4424">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4424</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние курения, а также отказа от курения на риск смерти от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и от всех причин в длительном 34-летнем когортном проспективном исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В 1988-1991гг обследовано 1546 человек (630 мужчин и 916 женщин) в возрасте 20-59 лет. За 34 года наблюдения — 556 случаев смерти, из них 244 от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Табакокурение повышает риск смерти от всех причин в 2,4 раза, а среди лиц 20-39 лет в 3,5 раза. Среди мужчин, отказавшихся от курения, риск смерти в 1,9 раза выше по сравнению с некурящими. Среди лиц старшей возрастной группы прекращение курения не повлияло на показатели риска смерти. Курение повышает риск смерти от ССЗ в 1,9 раза, а среди людей в возрасте до 40 лет в 3,6 раза. Среди прекративших курение риск смерти от ССЗ в 1,7 раза выше по сравнению с некурящими. 34-летняя выживаемость среди некурящих составляет 70,2%, курящих — 47,2%, отказавшихся от курения — 57,1%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлен значительный вклад курения в повышение риска смерти от ССЗ и от всех причин. Прекращение курения в старшей возрастной группе сопровождается сохранением повышенного риска смерти от ССЗ и от всех причин. Лучший возрастной период для отказа от курения — до 40 лет.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effect of smoking and smoking cessation on the cardiovascular and all-cause death risk in a long-term 34-year cohort prospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. In 1988-1991, 1546 people (630 men and 916 women) aged 20-59 years were examined. Over 34-year follow-up, 556 deaths occurred, including 244 from cardiovascular diseases (CVD).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Tobacco smoking increases the all-cause death risk by 2,4 times, and among people aged 20-39 by 3,5 times. Among men who quit smoking, the death risk is 1,9 times higher compared to nonsmokers. Among older people, quitting smoking did not affect the death risk. Smoking increases the cardiovascular death risk by 1,9 times, and among people under 40 by 3,6 times. Among those who quit smoking, the cardiovascular death is 1,7 times higher compared to non-smokers. The 34-year survival rate among non-smokers is 70,2%, smokers — 47,2%, and those who quit smoking — 57,1%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A significant contribution of smoking to the increased cardiovascular and all-cause death risk was revealed. Smoking cessation in the older age group is accompanied by a persistent increased cardiovascular and all-cause death risk. The best age to quit smoking is before 40 years.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>отказ от курения</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>риск смерти</kwd><kwd>проспективное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>smoking cessation</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>death risk</kwd><kwd>prospective study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021: addressing new and emerging products. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021. p.210. ISBN: 978 92 4003209 5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021: addressing new and emerging products. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021. p.210. 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