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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4503</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DKSGXD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4503</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование популяционного биобанка для анализа геногеографической изменчивости в России и мире трех полиморфизмов, связанных с тяжелым течением COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using a population biobank to analyze genogeographic variability in Russia and globally for three polymorphisms associated with severe COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3882-8300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балановская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, зав. лабораторией популяционной генетики человека.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">balanovska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6840-7926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronina</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборант-­исследователь.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mybfisanihilist@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0643-4374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">st26i900@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9532-8954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горин</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorin</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goha2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4020-6647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисовна</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с., руководитель лаборатории "Банк биологического материала" Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aborisova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровская</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovskaya</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., в.н.с. лаборатории "Банк биологического материала" Института персонализированной терапии и профилактики.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-2922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошель</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshel</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.г.н., в.н.с. географического факультета.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-7194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Почешхова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pocheshkhova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., доцент, зав. кафедрой биологии и медицинских технологий.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478; ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4, Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478; Mitrofana Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3527-4195</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адамов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adamov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.- м.н., с.н.с.</p><p>Москворечье, д. 1, Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moskvorechye, 1, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-­генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bochkov Medical Genetics Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО "Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-­генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова; ФГБОУ ВО "Кубанский государственный медицинский университет" Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bochkov Medical Genetics Research Center; Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>4503</fpage><lpage>4503</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балановская Е.В., Воронина М.М., Пономарев Г.Ю., Горин И.О., Борисовна А.Л., Покровская М.С., Кошель С.М., Почешхова Э.А., Адамов Д.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балановская Е.В., Воронина М.М., Пономарев Г.Ю., Горин И.О., Борисовна А.Л., Покровская М.С., Кошель С.М., Почешхова Э.А., Адамов Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balanovskaya E.V., Voronina M.M., Ponomarev G.Y., Gorin I.O., Borisova A.L., Pokrovskaya M.S., Koshel S.M., Pocheshkhova E.A., Adamov D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4503">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4503</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить геногеографию SNP-маркеров, связанных с тяжелым течением COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease 2019), и выявить закономерности их распределения в коренном народонаселении России и мира. Частота генетических полиморфизмов, ассоциированных с осложнениями при COVID-19, неодинакова в разных этнических группах.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. На основе коллекций Биобанка ФГБУ "НМИЦ ТПМ" Минздрава России и Биобанка Северной Евразии определены частоты аллелей и генотипов генов NFKBIA, TLR3, TMPRSS2, ассоциированных с осложнениями при COVID-19. В анализ включены собственные данные (4207 образцов 186 популяций 97 этносов из России и сопредельных стран) и данные из публикаций (3070 образцов из 227 популяций мира). Данные изучены биоинформатическими, статистическими и картографическими методами.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлена высокая частота "рисковой" гомозиготы GG маркера NFKBIA (rs696) в популяциях России (0,55) с трендом ее роста с запада на восток в максимально широком диапазоне: от 0,08 у ижоры на северо-­западе до 0,92 у эвенов Дальнего Востока. Для населения России характерны высокие значения частот альтернативных гомозигот полиморфизмов TLR3 (rs3775291) и TMPRSS2 (rs2070788), не связанных с риском осложнений при COVID-19. Коренное народонаселение Северной Евразии отличается наибольшим генетическим разнообразием среди всех регионов мира. При этом оно гармонично вписано в генофонд Евразийского континента, а Дальний Восток России является переходной зоной к генофонду коренного населения Северной Америки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование геногеографической изменчивости позволяет выявить регионы России и мира, для которых анализируемые ДНК-маркеры в наибольшей степени являются рисковыми при тяжелом течении COVID-19.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the genogeography of SNP markers associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify patterns of their distribution in indigenous populations of Russia and worldwide. The frequency of genetic polymorphisms associated with COVID-19 complications varies across ethnic groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Using collections from the Biobank of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine and the Biobank of Northern Eurasia, we determined the allele and geno­type frequencies of the NFKBIA, TLR3, and TMPRSS2 genes asso­ciated with COVID-19 complications. The analysis included our own data (4207 samples from 186 populations of 97 ethnic groups from Rus­sia and neighboring countries) and published data (3070 samples from 227 populations worldwide). The data were analyzed using bio­informatics, statistical, and cartographic methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A high frequency of the "risky" GG homozygote of the NFKBIA marker (rs696) was detected in Russian populations (0,55), with an in­creasing trend from west to east across the widest range as follows: from 0,08 among the Izhorians in the northwest to 0,92 among the Evens in the Far East. The Russian population is characterized by high fre­quencies of alternative homozygotes of the TLR3 (rs3775291) and TMPRSS2 (rs2070788) polymorphisms, which are not associated with the risk of COVID-19 complications. The indigenous populations of Nort­hern Eurasia possess the greatest genetic diversity of any region in the world. At the same time, they are harmoniously integrated into the gene pool of the Eurasian continent, and the Russian Far East is a tran­sition zone to the gene pool of the indigenous populations of North America.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A study of genogeographic variation makes it possible us to identify regions of Russia and the world for which the analyzed DNA markers pose the greatest risk for severe COVID-19.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd><kwd>геногеография</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>мир</kwd><kwd>биобанк</kwd><kwd>коренное население</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd><kwd>genogeography</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>world</kwd><kwd>biobank</kwd><kwd>indigenous population</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yildirim Z, Sahin OS, Yazar S, et al. Genetic and epigenetic factors associated with increased severity of Covid-19. Cell Biol Int. 2021;45(6):1158-74. doi:10.1002/cbin.11572.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yildirim Z, Sahin OS, Yazar S, et al. 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