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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4561</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ENDXDA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4561</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Получение клеточных культур из семенников крысы для исследований и разработки биологических лекарственных препаратов для восстановления сперматогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obtaining rat testicular cell cultures for research and development of biological drugs for spermatogenesis restoration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7123-6374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монакова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Олеговна Монакова — лаборант-­исследователь Центра регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monakova-anya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2597-8879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басалова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basalova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Андреевна Басалова — к.б.н., м.н.с. Центра регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia_ba@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-5118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагарадзе</surname><given-names>Г. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagaradze</surname><given-names>G. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгий Дмитриевич Сагарадзе — к.б.н., м.н.с. Центра регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">georgysagaradze@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-4962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарутин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharutin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Валерьевич Шарутин — зав. отделом физико-­химических и биологических методов исследования, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ig.sharutin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1864-6557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Yingying</surname><given-names>Liang</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Liang</surname><given-names>Yingying</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Liang Yingying — аспирант кафедры биоинженерии, биологический факультет; Университет МГУ-ППИ, Шэньчжэнь, Китайская народная республика.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bella.lyy@qq.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5039-7152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Сергеевич Попов — к.б.н., зав. межфакультетской научно-­исследовательской лабораторией трансляционной медицины, в.н.с. Центра регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galiantus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-1369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефименко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimenko</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Юрьевна Ефименко — д.м.н., зав. лабораторией репарации и регенерации тканей Центра регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-­образовательный институт.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leninskiye Gory, 1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efimenkoay@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО "Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>4561</fpage><lpage>4561</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Монакова А.О., Басалова Н.А., Сагарадзе Г.Д., Шарутин И.В., Yingying L., Попов В.С., Ефименко А.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Монакова А.О., Басалова Н.А., Сагарадзе Г.Д., Шарутин И.В., Yingying L., Попов В.С., Ефименко А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Monakova A.O., Basalova N.A., Sagaradze G.D., Sharutin I.V., Liang Y., Popov V.S., Efimenko A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4561">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4561</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Создание охарактеризованных по фенотипам и функциональной активности коллекций клеток семенников крыс для определения оптимальных условий их использования в моделях оценки специфической активности лекарственных препаратов, направленных на восстановление сперматогенеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Для выделения разных типов клеток из семенников крысы использовали последовательную ферментативную обработку тканей семенников. Иммуноцитохимический анализ выделенных культур клеток проводили на канонические и неканонические маркеры. Измерение уровня секреции тестостерона клетками Лейдига на 2, 4 и 7 день культивирования осуществляли методом иммуноферментного анализа. Разработанная модель для оценки биологической активности лекарственных препаратов на клетках Лейдига была валидирована в соответствии с требованиями Решения Коллегии ЕЭК от 17 июля 2018г № 113.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Были получены из семенников крыс и охарактеризованы следующие культуры клеток: клетки Лейдига, экспрессирующие специфические маркеры CYP11A1 и LHR, резидентные мезенхимные стромальные/стволовые клетки, экспрессирующие маркеры CD73, CD90 и PDGFRb, клетки Сертоли, экспрессирующие маркеры inhibin beta B и Sox9, сперматогониальные стволовые клетки, экспрессирующие маркеры GDNFR, c-kit и щелочную фосфатазу, перитубулярные миоидные клетки, экспрессирующие αSMA. Было показано, что клетки Лейдига при выделении в культуру начинали экспрессировать винкулин, а при длительном культивировании и пассировании приобретали маркеры Sox9 и виментин. Также было установлено, что клетки Лейдига в культурe в течение недели резко снижают способность секретировать тестостерон. С учетом этих данных была оптимизирована и валидирована разработанная нами ранее in vitro модель оценки специфической активности лекарственных препаратов для восстановления сперматогенеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использованные подходы позволяют сформировать охарактеризованные коллекции клеток разного типа, выделенных из семенников лабораторных животных. Однако при выделении из ткани за счёт потери специфического микроокружения со временем культивирования могут измениться фенотипические и функциональные свой­ства клеток, что стоит учитывать при создании и дальнейшем использовании клеточных коллекций. Было проведено исследование фенотипа клеток семенников, а также секреторной активности клеток Лейдига. На основании этого разработан метод оценки специфической активности in vitro и оптимальная стратегия биобанкирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To create rat testicular cell collections characterized by pheno­types and functional activity to determine optimal conditions for their use in models for assessing the specific activity of spermatogenesis restoration drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. To isolate different cell types from rat tes­tes, sequential enzymatic treatment of testicular tissue was used. Immu­no­cytochemical analysis of the isolated cell cultures was performed for canonical and non-canonical markers. Testosterone secretion by Leydig cells was measured on days 2, 4, and 7 of culture using enzyme-­linked immunosorbent assay. The developed model for assessing the biological activity of drugs in Leydig cells was validated in accordance with the requirements of the Eurasian Economic Commission Decision dated July 17, 2018, № 113.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The following cell cultures were isolated from rat testes and characterized: Leydig cells expressing specific CYP11A1 and LHR markers; resident mesenchymal stromal/stem cells expressing CD73, CD90, and PDGFRb markers; Sertoli cells expressing inhibin beta B and Sox9 markers; spermatogonial stem cells expressing GDNFR, c-kit, and alkaline phosphatase markers; and peritubular myoid cells expressing αSMA. It was shown that Leydig cells, when isolated in culture, began ex­pressing vinculin, and with prolonged cultivation and passaging, they acquired the Sox9 and vimentin markers. In addition, Leydig cells in culture sharply reduced their ability to secrete testosterone within a week. Based on these data, our previously developed in vitro mo­del for assessing the specific activity of drugs for spermatogenesis resto­ration was optimized and validated.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The approaches used enable the formation of charac­te­rized collections of different cell types isolated from the testes of la­bo­ratory animals. However, when isolated from tissue, due to the loss of a specific microenvironment, the phenotypic and functional properties of the cells may change over time in culture. This should be taken into account when creating and subsequently using cell collections. A study was conducted on the phenotype of testicular cells, as well as the secretory activity of Leydig cells. Based on this, a method for asses­sing specific activity in vitro and an optimal biobanking strategy were de­veloped.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клетки Лейдига</kwd><kwd>мезенхимные стромальные/стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>перитубулярные миоидные клетки</kwd><kwd>клетки Сертоли</kwd><kwd>сперматогониальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>специфическая активность</kwd><kwd>тестостерон</kwd><kwd>валидация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Leydig cells</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stromal/stem cells</kwd><kwd>peritubular myoid cells</kwd><kwd>Sertoli cells</kwd><kwd>spermatogonial stem cells</kwd><kwd>specific activity</kwd><kwd>tes­tosterone</kwd><kwd>validation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 19-75-30007, https://rscf.ru/project/19-75-30007/ (получение и характеристика клеточных коллекций) и при поддержке государственного задания МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова (валидация модели для оценки биологической активности лекарственных препаратов на клетках Лейдига)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by grant № 19-75-30007 from the Russian Science Foundation, https://rscf.ru/project/19-75-30007/ (obtaining and characterizing cell collections) and by a state assignment from Lomonosov Moscow State University (vali­da­tion of a model for assessing the biological activity of drugs on Leydig cells)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Parekh N, et al. Male infertility. Lancet. 2021;397:319-33. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32667-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Parekh N, et al. Male infertility. 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