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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4608</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">FGLKLM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4608</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИСТРЫ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDIES AND REGISTERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пациент с предожирением или ожирением: уроки пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции (по результатам наблюдательного исследования ЕВА)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A patient with overweight or obesity: lessons from COVID-19 pandemic (EVA observational study data)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-3099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукина Юлия Владимировна — д.м.н., в.н.с. лаборатории фармакоэпидемиологических исследований отдела профилактической фармакотерапии.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuvlu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3299-1078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лерман</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lerman</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лерман Ольга Викторовна — к.м.н., с.н.с. отдела профилактической фармакотерапии.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olerman@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-2584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутишенко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutishenko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кутишенко Наталья Петровна — д.м.н., руководитель лаборатории фармакоэпидемиологических исследований отдела профилактической фармакотерапии.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkutishenko@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марцевич</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martsevich</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марцевич Сергей Юрьевич — д.м.н., профессор, руководитель отдела профилактической фармакотерапии.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smartsevich@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина от имени рабочей группы исследования ЕВА#</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina on behalf of the EVA study working group#</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор.</p><p>Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">odrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>4608</fpage><lpage>4608</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лукина Ю.В., Лерман О.В., Кутишенко Н.П., Марцевич С.Ю., Драпкина от имени рабочей группы исследования ЕВА# О.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лукина Ю.В., Лерман О.В., Кутишенко Н.П., Марцевич С.Ю., Драпкина от имени рабочей группы исследования ЕВА# О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lukina Y.V., Lerman O.V., Kutishenko N.P., Martsevich S.Y., Drapkina on behalf of the EVA study working group# O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4608">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4608</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить состояние здоровья и исходы у пациентов с избыточной массой тела (МТ) (предожирением) или ожирением при продолжительном наблюдении в рамках обсервационной программы ЕВА (оцЕнка немедикаментозного и медикаментозного лечения избыточной массы тела (предожирения) и ожирения у пациентов с сердечно-­сосудистыми заболеВаниями или с высоким кардиоваскулярным риском по данным Анкетирования больных, в рамках амбулаторного регистра "ПРОФИЛЬ").</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование ЕВА с 08.04.2019 по 24.03.2020 включались пациенты с предожирением и ожирением (индекс МТ (ИМТ) ≥25 кг/м2) амбулаторного регистра больных сердечно-­сосудистыми заболеваниями или их факторами риска. Через 1 и 3 года после визита включения (что совпало с периодом пандемии COVID-19 — COronaVIrus Disease 2019) были выполнены телефонные контакты, во время которых проводился сбор информации о МТ на дату опроса, регулярности лекарственного лечения (приверженности), о субъективной оценке по наличию предожирения/ожирения, на этапе 3 лет собирались данные о перенесенной COVID-19, о динамике коморбидных состояний за период пандемии COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследование были включены 295 пациентов. Средний срок наблюдения пациентов составил 3,6±0,5 года. При втором телефонном контакте удалось собрать информацию о 261 (88,5%) пациенте: 18 человек умерли, 243 больных были живы. 129 (43,7%) пациентов перенесли COVID-19. Приверженные пациенты и люди более старшего возраста оказались меньше подвержены риску заражения COVID-19 по сравнению с неприверженными и более молодыми больными (р=0,016 и р=0,043, соответственно). У каждого третьего (32,3%) пациента, перенесшего COVID-19, отмечено ухудшение течения имевшихся хронических неинфекционных заболеваний (ХНИЗ), почти у каждого четвертого (23,4%) возникли новые ХНИЗ. Обнаружено снижение критичности в субъективной оценке собственного веса, особенно у больных с пред­ожирением, 40% из которых посчитали свою МТ нормальной. Предикторами неблагоприятных исходов оказались перенесенный инфаркт миокарда — отношение рисков (HR — hazard ratio)=6,10; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 1,18-31,46 (р=0,031); сахарный диабет 2 типа — HR=2,78; 95% ДИ: 1,03-7,51, р=0,043 и ИМТ — HR=1,12; 95% ДИ: 1,01-1,24 (р=0,035).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Значимыми предикторами неблагоприятного прогноза у больных за 3-х летний период наблюдения оказались повышенный ИМТ, перенесенный инфаркт миокарда, наличие сахарного диабета. После перенесенной COVID-19 у трети больных отмечено прогрессирование имевшихся ХНИЗ, у каждого четвертого пациента — развитие нового ХНИЗ.</p><p>Неприверженность оказалась одним из двух факторов, ассоциированных с инфицированием COVID-19. За время пандемии COVID-19 отмечено некоторое снижение критичности в субъективной оценке собственной МТ пациентами с предожирением или ожирением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the health status and outcomes of patients with overweight (pre-obesity) or obesity during long-term follow-up as part of the EVA observational program.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The EVA study included patients with over­weight and obesity (body mass index (BMI) &gt;25 kg/m2) from the out­patient registry of patients with cardiovascular diseases or their risk fac­tors from April 8, 2019 to March 24, 2020. One and three years after the enrollment visit (coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic), we con­tacted patients by telephone to collect information on body weight at the survey date, medication adherence, and subjective assessment of pre-obesity/obesity. At the three-year follow-up, data were collected on COVID-19 history and the changes of comorbid conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study included 295 patients. The mean follow-up period was 3,6±0,5 years. The second telephone contact yielded following information on 261 (88,5%) patients: 18 — died, 243 — alive. In ad­dition, 129 (43,7%) patients had COVID-19. Adherent patients and older people were less susceptible to the risk of COVID-19 infection compared to non-adherent and younger patients (p=0,016 and p=0,043, respectively). Every third (32,3%) patient who had COVID-19 experienced worsening of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and almost every fourth (23,4%) patient developed new-onset NCDs. A decrease in weight self-assessment criticality was found, especially in patients with pre-obesity, 40% of whom considered their body weight to be normal. Predictors of adverse outcomes were prior myocardial infarction (hazard ratio (HR)=6,10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,18-31,46 (p=0,031)), type 2 diabetes (HR=2,78; 95% CI: 1,03-7,51, p=0,043) and BMI (HR=1,12; 95% CI: 1,01-1,24 (p=0,035)).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Significant predictors of an unfavorable prognosis in patients over a 3-year follow-up period were elevated BMI, prior myocardial infarction, and diabetes. After COVID-19, one-third of pa­tients experienced progression of existing noncommunicable diseases, and one in four patients developed a new-onset NCDs.</p><p>Non-adherence was one of two factors associated with COVID-19 in­fec­tion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a slight decrease in weight self-as­sessment criticality was noted in patients with pre-obesity or obesity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>избыточная масса тела</kwd><kwd>предожирение</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>неблагоприятный исход</kwd><kwd>наблюдательное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>overweight</kwd><kwd>pre-obesity</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>adverse out­co­me</kwd><kwd>observational study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adam D. 15 million people have died in the pandemic, WHO says. 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