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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiovascular</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-8800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0125</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4621</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SGOTRS</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiovascular-4621</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание сети банков фекальной микробиоты в Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creation of a fecal microbiota bank network in the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0577-9001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апарцин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apartsin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Апарцин Константин Анатольевич — д.м.н., профессор, научный руководитель.</p><p>Ул. Советская, 96/353, Иркутск, 664047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>96/353, Sovetskaya Street, Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">science@baikalbiomed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО "Байкальский центр биомедицинских исследований"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>OOO Baikal Biomedical Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>4621</fpage><lpage>4621</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Апарцин К.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Апарцин К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Apartsin K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4621">https://cardiovascular.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4621</self-uri><abstract><p>Трансплантация фекальной микробиоты (ТФМ) — эффективный и безопасный метод лечения рецидивирующей инфекции, вызванной Clostridioides difficile находит все более широкое применение для лечения заболеваний, патогенетически связанных с дисбиозом кишечника. Мировые потребности в данном методе лечения покрыты лишь на 10%. Растущая популярность метода делает необходимым создание терапевтических банков фекальной микробиоты (БФМ), поскольку они обеспечивают доступность тщательно проверенных фекальных суспензий, полученных от здоровых доноров. В обзорной статье анализируются подходы к созданию БФМ с учетом законодательной базы Российской Федерации (РФ), сопоставленной с нормативами, действующими в странах Северной Америки, Европы, Азиатско-­Тихоокеанского региона. Рассматриваются 4 нормативно-­правовых стратегии применительно к ТФМ, определяющие перспективы биобанкирования: 1) лекарственное средство; 2) биологический препарат; 3) субстанция человеческого происхождения; 4) медицинская практика. Аргументирована целесообразность внедрения в РФ подхода, практикуемого в Китайской народной республике (ТФМ как медицинская практика) и в Европейском Союзе (ТФМ — как применение субстанции человеческого происхождения). Формированию сети БФМ будет способствовать внедрение в национальном масштабе стандартизированной технологии сбора, процессинга донорского материала, хранения и выдачи препарата для ТФМ. Региональные БФМ могут быть развернуты на базе лечебно-­научных учреждений, а также производственных аптек. Клинико-­лабораторное профилирование донора и реципиента, включая метагеномный анализ, в национальной базе данных позволит создать систему поддержки принятия врачебных решений, повысить эффективность и безопасность ТФМ для коррекции широкого круга патологии, включая экстраинтестинальные процессы. Развитие системы БФМ на национальном уровне потребует координации усилий профильных общественных организаций (при ведущей роли НАСБИО — Национальная ассоциация биобанков и специалистов по биобанкированию) и федеральных органов исполнительной власти, среди которых Федеральное медико-­биологическое агентство располагает наибольшим опытом применения ТФМ и необходимой нормативной базой. Неоспоримым преимуществом развертывания российской национальной сети БФМ является широкое региональное разнообразие микробиома, что позволяет рассчитывать на выявление "супердоноров" в комплексе с внедрением персонализированной ТФМ. Созданы предпосылки к ускоренному продвижению в области метагеномной регуляции здоровья человека, и сеть БФМ — один из инструментов реализации национальной прорывной технологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective and safe treat­ment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections. It is increasingly used to treat diseases pathogenetically associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Only 10% of the global demand for this treatment method is met. The growing popularity of this method necessitates the creation of fecal microbiota banks (FMBs), as they provide access to carefully screened fecal suspensions obtained from healthy donors. This review article analyzes approaches to FMB development, taking into account the legislative framework of the Russian Federation (RF), compared with regulations in North America, Europe, and the Asia-­Pacific region. Four following regulatory strategies for FMT are considered, defining the prospects for biobanking: 1) medicinal product; 2) biological pro­duct; 3) substance of human origin; 4) medical practice. Intro­ducing the approach practiced in the People's Republic of China (FMT as a medical practice) and the European Union (FMT as the use of a substance of human origin) in the Russian Federation is substantiated. The development of a FMB network will be facilitated by the national implementation of a standardized technology for collecting, processing donor material, storing, and dispensing the FMT product. Regional FMBs can be deployed at me­dical and research institutions, as well as at industrial pharmacies. Clinical and laboratory profiling of donors and recipients, including metagenomic analysis, in a national database will enable the creation of a system to support medical decision-­making and improve the efficacy and safety of FMT for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies. Developing a national FMB system will require coordinated efforts between specialized public organizations (with National Association of Biobanks and Biobanking Specialists (NASBIO)) and federal executive bodies, among which the Federal Medical and Biological Agency has the most experience with FMT and the necessary regulatory framework. A compelling advan­tage of deploying a national FMB network in Russia is the wide regional microbiome diversity, which allows for the identification of "superdonors" in conjunction with personalized FMT. The preconditions for accelerated advancement in the field of metagenomic regulation of human health have been created, and the FMB network is one of the tools for implementing this national breakthrough technology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация фекальной микробиоты</kwd><kwd>терапевтический биобанк</kwd><kwd>банк фекальной микробиоты</kwd><kwd>донорство</kwd><kwd>нормативная база</kwd><kwd>производственная аптека</kwd><kwd>супердонор</kwd><kwd>метагеномная регуляция здоровья человека</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fecal microbiota transplantation</kwd><kwd>therapeutic biobank</kwd><kwd>fecal microbiota bank</kwd><kwd>donation</kwd><kwd>regulatory framework</kwd><kwd>industrial pharmacy</kwd><kwd>superdonor</kwd><kwd>metagenomic regulation of human health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ke S, Weiss ST, Liu YY. 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