Bulbar conjunctival microcirculation in patients with hypertension and stage 1 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2026-4647
EDN: XNJXCQ
Abstract
Aim. To analyze microcirculation in the bulbar conjunctival vessels of patients with stage I-III hypertension and stage 1 heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (EF) with similar groups of patients with hypertension and pre-HF and hypertension without HF.
Material and methods. One hundred thirty-nine patients with stage I-III hypertension and preserved EF, examined according to the 2024 Heart Failure clinical guidelines, were divided into three following groups: group 1 — patients with hypertension without HF (n=31), group 2 — patients with hypertension and pre-HF (n=19), and group 3 — patients with hypertension and stage I HF (n=89).
Results. The mean arteriolar and capillary diameters, arteriole-to-venule ratio, and number of capillaries per mm2 of conjunctival surface were significantly lower among patients with hypertension and stage I HF compared to groups 1 and 2. No differences in these parameters were found between patients in groups 1 and 2.
Conclusion. In patients with hypertension and an EF ≥50%, significant changes in microcirculation are observed only in stage 1 HF, compared to patients with hypertension alone and with hypertension and pre-CHF. These changes are characterized by a smaller mean arteriolar and capillary diameter, arteriole-venule ratio, and capillaries per mm2 of conjunctival surface.
About the Authors
I. M. Davidovich
Far Eastern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
doctor of medical sciences, professor, professor of the department faculty and ambulance therapy department with a course of endocrinology FESMU.
Muravyova-Amurskogo str., 35, Khabarovsk, 680000
N. V. Korneeva
Far Eastern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
doctor of medical science, associate professor, chief of faculty and ambulance therapy department with a course of endocrinology FESMU.
Muravyova-Amurskogo str., 35, Khabarovsk, 680000
G. A. Kovaleva
Far Eastern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
assistant of the department faculty and ambulance therapy department with a course of endocrinology FESMU.
Muravyova-Amurskogo str., 35, Khabarovsk, 680000
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What is already known about the subject?
- In heart failure (HF), changes in microcirculation were observed in patients with advanced heart failure with reduced or, less commonly, mildly reduced ejection fraction (EF).
- The changes were characterized by a functional rarefaction of capillaries per unit area with an increase in their length and diameter.
What might this study add?
- Approaches to HF classification (division into EF, stages) and its diagnosis that have changed in recent years have made it possible, using a model of patients with stage I-III hypertension with preserved EF, to determine significant changes in microcirculation only in stage I HF in comparison with patients with only HTN and with HTN and pre-CHF.
Review
For citations:
Davidovich I.M., Korneeva N.V., Kovaleva G.A. Bulbar conjunctival microcirculation in patients with hypertension and stage 1 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2026;25(4):4647. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2026-4647. EDN: XNJXCQ
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