Could heart rate be regarded as cardiovascular disease risk factor?
Abstract
The article is devoted to the role of increased heart rate (HR) as cardiovascular disease predictor. Many epidemiological studies demonstrate the link between this parameter and total and cardiovascular mortality. The authors describe rhythm-decelerating therapy with a new medication – ivabradine, specifically affecting sinus node function. Pilot studies confirm its antianginal efficacy, pointing to its potential in stable coronary heart disease management.
About the Authors
V. I. Makolkin
I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
F. N. Zyabrev
I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Оганов Р.Г. Развитие профилактической кардиологии в России. Кардиоваск тер профил 2004; 3(3), ч.1: 10-4.
2. Levine HJ. Rest Heart rate and life expectancy. JACC 1997; 30(4): 1104-6.
3. Spector WS. Handbook of Biologocal Data, WB Saunders. Philadelphia1956; 41.
4. White PD, Jenkins JL, Benedict FG. The electrocardiogram of the elephant. Am Heart J 1938; 16: 744.
5. Boraso A. Why is reduced heart rate beneficial? Dialog in Cardiovasc Med 2001; 6: 19-24.
6. Schmidt-Nielsen K. Animal Phisiology: Adaptation and Environment. New York: Cambridge University Press 1975; 133.
7. Beere P, Glagov S, Zarins C. Retarding effect of lowering heart rate on coronary atherosclerosis. Science 1984; 226: 180-2.
8. Perski A, Hamsted A, Lindvall K, Theorell T. Heart rate correlates with severity of coronary atherosclerosis in young postinfarction parients. Am Heart J 1988; 116: 1369-73.
9. Castelli WP, Levy D, Wilson PWF, Kannel W. Sudden death: The view from Framingham. In Kostis JB, Sanders M (eds). The Prevention of Sudden Death. E Wiley-Liss, New York 1990; 1-8.
10. Singh BN. Morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disorders: impact of reduced heart rate. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2001; 6(4): 313-31.
11. Kannel W, Kannel C, Paffenbarger R, Cupples A. Heart rate and cardiovascular mortality: The Framingem Study. Am Heart J 1987; 113: 1489-94.
12. Gillum R. The epidemiology of resting heart rate in a national sample of men and women: association withhypertension, coronary heart disease, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 1988; 116: 163-74.
13. Gillum R, Makus D, Feldman J. Pulse rate, coronary heart disease and death: The NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Am Heart J 1991; 121: 172-7.
14. Wilhelmsen l, Berglund G, Elmfeldt D, et al. The multi factor primary prevention trial in Goteborg, Sweden. Eur Heart J 1986; 7: 279-88.
15. Shaper AG, Wannamethee G, Macfarlane PW, Walker M. Heart rate, ischemic heart disease and sudden cardiac death in middleaged British men. Br Heart J 1993; 70: 49-55.
16. Mensink Gb, Hoffmeister H. The relationship between reating heart rate and all-cause cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Eur Heart J 1997; 18: 1404-10.
17. Dyer A, Perski, Stamler J, et al. Heart rate as prognostic factor for coronary heart disease and mortality: Findings in three Chicago epidemiologic studies. Am J Epidemiol 1980; 12: 736-49.
18. Kristal-Boneh E, Silber H, Harari G, Froom P. Theassociation of resting heart rate with cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality. Eight-year follow-up of 3527 male Israeli employees (the CORDIS Study). Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 116-24.
19. Habib GB, Is heart rate a risk factor in the general population? Dialog in Cardiovas Med 2001; 6: 25-31.
20. Шальнова С.В., Деев А.Д., Оганов Р.Г. и др. Частота пульса и смертность от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у российских мужчин и женщин. Результаты эпидемиологического исследования. Кардиология 2005; 10: 45-50.
21. Menotti A, Mulder I, Nissinen A, et al. Prevalence of morbidity and multimorbidity in elderly male population and their impact on 10-year all-cause mortality: The FINE study. J Clin Epidemiol 2001; 54: 680-6.
22. Disegni E, Goldbourt U, Reicher-Reiss H, et al. The predictive value of admission heart rate on mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48: 1197-205.
23. Palatini P, Thijs L, Staessen JA, et al. Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. Predictive value of clinic and ambulatory heart rate for mortality in elderly subjects with systolic hypertension. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 2313-21.
24. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Coronary Artery Surgery Study. A multicenter comparison of the effects of randomized medical and surgical treatment of mildly symptomatic patients with coronary artery disease, and registry of consecutive petients undergoing coronary angiography. Circulation 1981; 63: 11-8.
25. Diaz A, Bourassa MG, Guertin M-C, Tardif J-C. Long-term prognostic value of resting heart rate in patients with suspected or proven coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2005; 11-8.
26. Brown H, DiFrancesco D. Voltage-clamp investigations of membrane currents underlying pacemacer activity rabbit sinoatrial node. J Physiol 1980; 308: 331-51.
27. DiFrancesco D. Pacemacer incardiac tissue. Ann Rev Physiol 1993; 55: 455-72.
28. Tardif JC, Ford I, Tendera M, et al. On behalf of INITIATIVE study group. Antianginal and anti-ischemic effects of the If current inhnbitor ivabradine compared to atenolol as monotherapies with chronic stable angina. Eur Heart J 2003; 24: Abstracts 186.
29. Ruzyllo W, Ford I, Tendera M, et al. Antianginal and antiischemic effects of the IF current inhnbitor ivabradine compared to amlodipine as monotherapy in patients with chronic stable angina: A 3-month randomised, controlled, double-blind, multi-ctnter trial. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: Abstracts 878.
Review
For citations:
Makolkin V.I., Zyabrev F.N. Could heart rate be regarded as cardiovascular disease risk factor? Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2006;5(6):5-9. (In Russ.)
Views:
609
Email this article 
