ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE OF SELECTED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN DANGEROUS OCCUPATIONS

Aim. To assess the prevalence  of the main cardiovascular risk factors (RF) and their concomitance  in workers of highly harmful professions. Material and methods. In the study, men of dangerous professions participated, at the age 20-60 y.o.: 96 firefighters-rescuers, admitted to Russian  centre  of  Catastrophe  medicine  (“Defense”,  Moscow);  97 firefighters-rescuers at the central airmobile detachment “Centrospas” (Zhukovsky, Moscow region), 151 commando  units of interior military forces of the Ministry of Internal affairs (Central regions of RF).

Results. High prevalence  of risk factors  of CVD revealed: overweight and  obesity  — 40,7%,  smoking — 47%. The relation found for lean glucose and cholesterol levels. Smokers have 37% decrease of serum iron comparing to non-smokers. Smoking also does impact transaminase level: AST increase by 31%, ALT by 46%, alkaline phosphatase by 19%, LDH by 19%. Smokers have alpha-amylase increase by 16% comparing to non-smokers. Also smokers have increased urea by 8% and creatinine by 15%. Non-smokers  of any age  have these  parameters in normal range. Smokers have age-related changes  more prominent, and in any age glucose and cholesterol levels are higher than in non-smokers. Conclusion. Smoking increases CVD risk from the point of view of the main biochemical markers of blood. These changes can be treated as an inset of protein metabolism disorders related to smoking.

1. Yushchuk ND, Maiev IV, Gurevich KG (Eds.). A healthy lifestyle and disease prevention. M: Practice, 2015. 416 p. Russian (Ющук Н. Д., Маев И. В., Гуревич К. Г. (ред.) Здоровый образ жизни и профилактика заболеваний. М: Практика, 2015. 416 с).

2. Munir F, Clemes S, Houdmont J, et al. Overweight and obesity in UK firefighters. Oxford Journals Occupational Medicine 2012; 62: 362-5.

3. Wilkinson ML, Brown AL, Poston WS, et al. Physician weight recommendations for overweight and obese firefighters, United States, 2011-2012. Preventing chronic disease 2012; 11: 116.

4. Choi B, Schnall P, Dobson M, et al. Exploring Occupational and Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity in Firefighters: A Theoretical Framework and Study Design. Safety and healf work 2011; 2(4): 301.

5. Arkhangelskaya AN, Ivanova MV, Gurevich KG. Overweight and obesity as a health problem is urgent hazardous occupations persons. Emergency medicine 2015; 3(91): 34-6. Russian (Архангельская А. Н., Ивкина М.В., Гу ревич К. Г. Избыточная масса тела и ожирение как актуальная проблема здоровья лиц опасных профессий. Медицина катастроф 2015; 3(91): 34-6).

6. Nikolaev DV, Smirnov AV, Bobrinskaya IG, et al. Bioimpedance analysis of the composition of the human body. Moscow: Nauka, 2009. 392 p. Russian (Николаев Д. В.,Смирнов А. В., Бобринская И. Г. и др. Биоимпедансный анализ состава тела человека. М.: Наука, 2009. 392 с).

7. Rudnev SV, Soboleva NP, Sterlikov SA, et al. Bioimpedance study the composition of the population of Russia body. M.: RIO FPHI, 2014. 493 p. Russian (Руднев С.В., Соболева Н. П., Стерликов С. А. и др. Биоимпедансное исследование состава тела населения России. М.: РИО ЦНИИОИЗ, 2014. 493 с).

8. Glantz S. Biomedical Statistics. M.: Practice, 1998. 459 p. Russian (Гланц С. Медико-биологическая статистика. М.: Практика, 1998. 459 с).

9. Obesity: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical aspects. ed. Dedov II, Melnichenko GA. M.: OOO "Medical News Agency", 2006. 456 p. Russian (Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты. Под ред. Дедов И. И., Мельниченко Г. А. М.: ООО "Медицинское информационное агентство", 2006. 456 с).