Analysis of serum concentrations of caspases-1, -8, and adipocytokines in patients with heart failure with different ejection fractions
https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2026-4605
EDN: FKUDVA
Abstract
Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of a complex of programmed cell death biomarkers (caspases-1 and -8, adipocytokines — leptin, adiponectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) in patients with heart failure (HF) and in individuals without this disease.
Material and methods. A total of 154 patients aged 59 to 72 years were examined: 54 patients with HF (study group) and 100 patients without HF (control group). Concentrations of caspases-1, -8, adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results. Patients with HF had significantly higher concentrations of caspase-1 and IL-6 than those in the control group. To confirm the potential diagnostic efficacy of the studied biomarkers, a ROC analysis was performed. It showed that when comparing the group of patients with HF and the control group, the highest areas under the curve were characteristic of caspase-1 and IL-6. The median caspase-8 concentration in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) 422,2 [139,7-1246,2] pg/ml is 3 times higher than in the group of patients with HF with preserved LVEF — 126,8 [46,8-293,5] pg/ml.
Conclusion. A relationship was found between serum concentrations of caspase-1 and IL-6 and HF, while the concentration of caspase-8 was associated with LVEF and was significantly higher in the subgroup with HFrEF.
Supporting agencies: The study was conducted as part of the state contract "Development of an information and analytical system for predicting and improving outcomes by optimizing approaches to managing patients with decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction using a multimarker strategy and artificial intelligence methods" (2025-2027, registration number I125011901994-4).
About the Authors
Sh. M. Rakhmanova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
Yu. S. Timofeev
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
A. V. Gostry
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
V. A. Metelskaya
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
O. N. Dzhioeva
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Russian University of Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
O. M. Drapkina
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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What is already known about the subject?
- Heart failure (HF) is associated with a high hospitalization rate. The key molecular pathophysiological processes involved in the development of HF and specifying its severity are chronic low-grade inflammation and programmed cell death.
- Caspases are enzymes involved in programmed cell death processes and play a key role in triggering apoptosis (a non-inflammatory form of cell death) and pyroptosis (an inflammatory form of cell death with release of pro-inflammatory cytokines).
What might this study add?
- Serum caspase-1 levels were shown to be significantly higher in patients with HF than in non-HF individuals.
- An analysis of differences depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) revealed that the concentration of caspase-8 in HF with reduced EF was 3 times higher than in the group of patients with HF with preserved EF.
Review
For citations:
Rakhmanova Sh.M., Timofeev Yu.S., Gostry A.V., Metelskaya V.A., Dzhioeva O.N., Drapkina O.M. Analysis of serum concentrations of caspases-1, -8, and adipocytokines in patients with heart failure with different ejection fractions. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2026;25(1):4605. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2026-4605. EDN: FKUDVA
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