Predictive significance of raised blood pressure in children and adolescents (32-year prospective follow-up)

Although on the first glance, the prevention of arterial hypertension (AH) is effective since childhood and adolescence, further research is needed, as it is not well known how to make it effective.

Aim. Based upon the analysis of 32-year long dynamics of various levels of blood pressure (BP), to define the efficacy of screening investigations in children.

Material and methods. A 32-year long prospective, cohort study conducted, the observation of males beginning at age 11-12 y. o. In 32 years, among 1005 participants, 303 (30,1%) were investigated, and the cohort consisted finally of 290 persons. The assessment included: surveying, triple BP measurement, pulse count, body mass and height measurement, triceps skin folds thickness measurement, as scapular and abdominal, waist and hip circumference, total cholesterol measurement, as the high density, and level of triglycerides, electrocardiogram.

Results. Among the males that at the age 12 were in the upper 20% (5th quintile) by systolic BP, in 32 years almost one quarter remained in the same quintile. The stability of raised BP the parameters influence such as body mass and skin fold thickness. Combination of raised systolic BP in high body mass in 13 y. o. adolescents does increase the risk of AH at 43 y. o. the same grade that does an isolated body mass increase — this witness on the decrease of baseline BP values role in hypertension developemnt with remaining role of body mass. The risk of AH development with the baseline age 15 y. o. was significantly higher in combination of overweight and AH.

Conclusion. For AH prevention, even in childhood and adolescence it necessary to monitor closely those with raised systolic BP and overweight, and active prevention should start before the age 20 y. o.

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