Comparative analysis of intramyocardial autotransplantation of postnatal stem cells from peripheral blood and adipose tissue in patients with acute phase of myocardial infarction, ST segment elevation, after effective thrombolytic reperfusion and coronary artery stenting

Aim. To compare various techniques of peripheral blood and adipose tissue stem cell (SC) transplantation and identify its optimal method for acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI).
Material and methods. The study included 90 patients with acute MI. The participants were randomized into three groups: main group (n=31), comparison group (n=27), and control group (n=32). Main group received five-day combined cytokine therapy, starting 24 hours after randomization; at Day 6-9 after randomization, SC transplantation was performed by artery catheterization. Comparison group received adipose tissue mesenchymal SC. Control group was administered standard therapy only. All assessed parameters were measured before transplantation, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after randomization.
Results. In comparison group, myocardial contractility increased more rapidly in the short term, but not in the long-term follow-up. Global myocardial contractility increased by 25,2% (p<0,05) in main and comparison groups; in control group, it decreased by 29,4% (p<0,05). During 12 months after acute MI, КС of CHF had increased from 2,8 to 1,1 in main group (p<0,05), from 2,9 to 1,3 in comparison group (p<0,05), and from 2,7 to 2,2 in control group (p<0,05). At 12 months, no deaths were registered in main group, with one death in comparison group and 10 deaths in control group (p<0,05). At 12 months, scar volume was 5,7% of left ventricular myocardial mass in main group, 7,5% in comparison group, and 42,3% in control group.
Conclusion. Peripheral blood and adipose tissue SC autotransplantation was a highly effective and safe method for acute MI treatment.

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