About atypical dyslipidemia variants in myocardial infarction and unstable angina

Abstract

Aim. To analyse atypical variants of dyslipidemia (DLP) in coronary heart disease (CHD).

Material and methods. The study included rehabilitation unit patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Over 5 years, 78 patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) or selective decrease in anti-atherogenic lipoproteins were selected. The patients with the DLP phenotypes most typical for CHD (IIa, IIb) were not included in the study. Mean age of the participants was 46± 1 years. All participants were divided into three groups: with combined hyperlipidaemia (HLP) due to increased cholesterol (CH) and triglycerides (TG), but with prevalent HTG — Group I (n=24); with isolated HTG — Group II (n=23); with selective reduction in high- density lipoproteins (HDL) — Group III (n=31).

Results. Group I was characterised by substantial increase in the levels of CH and TG (6,8±0,5 mmol/l); Group II — by isolated increase in TG level (4,1±0,4 mmol/l); and Group III — by selective reduction in HDL-CL concentration (0,82±0,02 mmol/l).

Conclusion. Atherosclerosis and its complications might develop not only in HLP IIa and IIb, but also due to HTG or decreased anti-atherogenic lipoprotein levels. All primary DLP are hereditary, but typically they are linked to polygenic defects — i.e., are dependent on functionally important nucleotide polymorphisms in genes regulating lipid metabolism.