The role of questionnaires for the assessment of physical activity and suboptimal health status for primary screening of cardiovascular diseases

Patients who have cardiovascular risk factors (CVD) consider themselves healthy. They have no active complaints, and they will not go to the doctor. In this regard, the risk factors in outpatients who will be considering themselves healthy sill not sufficiently studied.

For early detection of cardiovascular risk factors, the SCORE scale is used. The researchers also offered IPAQ and SHSQ-25 questionnaires.

Aim. To study the severity of cardiovascular risk in outpatients depending on their physical activity and the presence of suboptimal health status.

Material and methods. 358 people (155 men and 203 women aged 18 to 60 years) who considered themselves healthy or did not seek medical care during the last 3 months were examined. The main risk factors of CVD were studied and individual cardiovascular risk was determined on the SCORE scale. Physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ questionnaire. The presence of suboptimal health status was determined by the SHSQ-25 questionnaire. Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010, Statistica 10.0 with estimation of normality of distribution and using criteria х², Kraskel-Wallis, Mann-Whitney test.

Results. We identified statistically significant differences in the suboptimal status depending on the severity of cardiovascular risk (х²=11,752, d.f.=1, p=0,003), total cholesterol (х²=7,139, d.f.=1, p=0,008) and blood pressure (х²=25,636, d.f =1, p=0,001); significant differences in the groups of physical activity and risk factors for CVD (х²=18,859, p<0,001; х²=18,965, p=0,001; х²=8,745, p=0,004, respectively); with normal and elevated body mass index (х²=22,06, p=0,001; х²=16,742, p=0,001, respectively). Significant differences were found in the severity of suboptimal status in different risk categories on the SCORE scale (х²=22,556; p=0,001); and in patients with low cardiovascular risk, the SCORE scale for suboptimal status depending on the level of physical activity (х²=8,273 p=0,016).

Conclusion. For primary screening of the outpatients considering themselves healthy, and not seeing a doctor we offer IPAQ and SHSQ-25 questionnaires for inclusion them in programs of annual observations of patients with low cardiovascular risk (on SCORE scale).

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