Эпидемия ожирения через призму эволюционных процессов

В настоящее время ожирение стало одной из самых серьезных проблем общественного здоровья. Оно ежегодно уносит миллионы жизней во всем мире из-за его связи со многочисленными ассоциированными заболеваниями и приводит к значительным социальным и экономическим потерям. Общепризнано, что ожирение является результатом взаимодействия генов и окружающей среды, и предрасположенность к нему лежит в нашем эволюционном прошлом. В настоящем обзоре обсуждается роль жировой ткани в процессе эволюции человека, факторы, определяющие склонность человека к ожирению, основные гипотезы происхождения ожирения и вытекающие из них потенциальные стратегии профилактики и лечения. Также рассматриваются эволюционное значение висцеральной жировой ткани и некоторые этнические и гендерные особенности, связанные с ее распределением.

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