Social and behavioral risk factors associated with cognitive impairment among the middle-aged and elderly Russian population
A. E. Imaeva,
A. V. Kapustina,
V. A. Kutsenko,
Yu. A. Balanova,
S. A. Maksimov,
G. A. Muromtseva,
M. B. Kotova,
N. S. Karamnova,
S. E. Evstifeeva,
O. A. Litinskaya,
M. S. Pokrovskaya,
N. A. Imaeva,
L. I. Gomanova,
Yu. V. Doludin,
I. A. Efimova,
A. L. Borisova,
G. E. Svinin,
S. O. Kuzyakina,
E. B. Yarovaya,
T. V. Repkina,
T. O. Gonoshilova,
A. V. Kudryavtsev,
N. I. Belova,
L. L. Shagrov,
S. V. Glukhovskaya,
I. A. Levina,
E. A. Shirshova,
E. B. Dorzhieva,
E. Z. Urbanova,
N. Yu. Borovkova,
V. K. Kurashin,
A. S. Tokareva,
A. S. Ragino,
G. I. Simonova,
A. D. Khudyakova,
V. N. Nikulin,
O. R. Aslyamov,
O. V. Khokhlova,
A. V. Solovyova,
A. A. Rodionov,
O. V. Kryachkova,
Yu. Yu. Shamurova,
I. V. Tantsyreva,
I. N. Baryshnikova,
M. G. Ataev,
M. O. Radjabov,
M. A. Umetov,
L. V. Elgarova,
I. A. Khakuasheva,
M. M. Isakhanova,
E. I. Yamashkina,
M. V. Esina,
T. A. Kunyaeva,
A. M. Nikitina,
N. V. Savvina,
Yu. E. Spiridonova,
E. A. Naumova,
A. A. Keskinov,
V. S. Yudin,
S. M. Yudin,
S. A. Shalnova,
A. V. Kontsevaya,
O. M. Drapkina https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3789
EDN: IHILQF
Abstract
Aim. To assess the associations of social and behavioral risk factors with cognitive impairment in the Russian population aged 55-74 years.
Material and methods. This study was conducted as part of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study. A total of 13736 participants living in 14 Russian regions were examined. Cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score as follows: cognitive impairment was recorded in the total score<24, based on 30 points. Associations were assessed using logistic regression after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, drinking status, and the presence of hypertension and stroke.
Results. According to the multivariate analysis, no higher education (odds ratio (OR) 2,5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1,98-3,27), p=0,001), no marriage (OR 1,6 (95% CI: 1,29-2,00), p=0,001), unemployment (OR 2,2 (95% CI: 1,71-2,86), p=0,001), and low income (OR 2,04 (95% CI: 1,60-2,57), p=0,001) are significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Of the 4 behavioral risk factors studied, only insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR 1,52 (95% CI: 1,18-1,99), p=0,001)
Conclusion. The study results indicate an association between cognitive impairment and education, marital status, income, employment, professional activity, as well as insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits.
About the Authors
A. E. Imaeva
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
A. V. Kapustina
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
V. A. Kutsenko
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
Yu. A. Balanova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. A. Maksimov
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
G. A. Muromtseva
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
M. B. Kotova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
N. S. Karamnova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. E. Evstifeeva
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
O. A. Litinskaya
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
M. S. Pokrovskaya
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
N. A. Imaeva
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
L. I. Gomanova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
Yu. V. Doludin
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
I. A. Efimova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
A. L. Borisova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
G. E. Svinin
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. O. Kuzyakina
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
E. B. Yarovaya
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
T. V. Repkina
Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Barnaul
T. O. Gonoshilova
Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Barnaul
A. V. Kudryavtsev
Northern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Arkhangelsk
N. I. Belova
Northern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Arkhangelsk
L. L. Shagrov
Northern State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Arkhangelsk
S. V. Glukhovskaya
Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterinburg
I. A. Levina
Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterinburg
E. A. Shirshova
Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterinburg
E. B. Dorzhieva
Boyanov Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ulan-Ude
E. Z. Urbanova
Boyanov Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ulan-Ude
N. Yu. Borovkova
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nizhny Novgorod
V. K. Kurashin
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nizhny Novgorod
A. S. Tokareva
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nizhny Novgorod
A. S. Ragino
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine — branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Novosibirsk
G. I. Simonova
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine — branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Novosibirsk
A. D. Khudyakova
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine — branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Novosibirsk
V. N. Nikulin
Orenburg Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Orenburg
O. R. Aslyamov
Orenburg Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Orenburg
O. V. Khokhlova
Orenburg Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Orenburg
A. V. Solovyova
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tver
A. A. Rodionov
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tver
O. V. Kryachkova
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tver
Yu. Yu. Shamurova
South Ural State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Chelyabinsk
I. V. Tantsyreva
South Ural State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Chelyabinsk
I. N. Baryshnikova
South Ural State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Chelyabinsk
M. G. Ataev
Abusuev Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dagestan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Makhachkala
M. O. Radjabov
Abusuev Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dagestan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Makhachkala
M. A. Umetov
Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nalchik
L. V. Elgarova
Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nalchik
I. A. Khakuasheva
Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nalchik
M. M. Isakhanova
Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nalchik
E. I. Yamashkina
Ogarev Mordovian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saransk
M. V. Esina
Ogarev Mordovian State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saransk
T. A. Kunyaeva
Ogarev Mordovian State University;
Mordovian Republican Central Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saransk
A. M. Nikitina
Republican Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yakutsk
N. V. Savvina
Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yakutsk
Yu. E. Spiridonova
Republican Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yakutsk
E. A. Naumova
Republican Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention, Exercise therapy and Sports Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cheboksary
A. A. Keskinov
Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
V. S. Yudin
Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. M. Yudin
Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. A. Shalnova
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
A. V. Kontsevaya
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
O. M. Drapkina
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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Supplementary files
What is already known about the subject?
- The increasing proportion of the elderly population, due to improvements in medical technologies and preventive measures, has contributed to the increasing prevalence of cognitive impairment worldwide.
- In the Russian Federation, epidemiological studies on the impact of various risk factors on cognitive functioning and those conducted on a representative sample are practically absent.
What might this study add?
- The prevalence of cognitive impairment among persons 55-74 years old was 3%. About 80% of people with cognitive impairment had hypertension, about 40% — obesity, every tenth — prior stroke, every fifth — coronary artery disease, and every eighth — type 2 diabetes.
- The results of this study indicate an association of cognitive impairment with education, marital status, income level, employment, occupation, and insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits.
Review
For citations:
Imaeva A.E., Kapustina A.V., Kutsenko V.A., Balanova Yu.A., Maksimov S.A., Muromtseva G.A., Kotova M.B., Karamnova N.S., Evstifeeva S.E., Litinskaya O.A., Pokrovskaya M.S., Imaeva N.A., Gomanova L.I., Doludin Yu.V., Efimova I.A., Borisova A.L., Svinin G.E., Kuzyakina S.O., Yarovaya E.B., Repkina T.V., Gonoshilova T.O., Kudryavtsev A.V., Belova N.I., Shagrov L.L., Glukhovskaya S.V., Levina I.A., Shirshova E.A., Dorzhieva E.B., Urbanova E.Z., Borovkova N.Yu., Kurashin V.K., Tokareva A.S., Ragino A.S., Simonova G.I., Khudyakova A.D., Nikulin V.N., Aslyamov O.R., Khokhlova O.V., Solovyova A.V., Rodionov A.A., Kryachkova O.V., Shamurova Yu.Yu., Tantsyreva I.V., Baryshnikova I.N., Ataev M.G., Radjabov M.O., Umetov M.A., Elgarova L.V., Khakuasheva I.A., Isakhanova M.M., Yamashkina E.I., Esina M.V., Kunyaeva T.A., Nikitina A.M., Savvina N.V., Spiridonova Yu.E., Naumova E.A., Keskinov A.A., Yudin V.S., Yudin S.M., Shalnova S.A., Kontsevaya A.V., Drapkina O.M. Social and behavioral risk factors associated with cognitive impairment among the middle-aged and elderly Russian population. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2023;22(8S):3789. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3789. EDN: IHILQF
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