Changes of biological age and related biomarkers in the context of a comprehensive geroprotective intervention: results of a prospective follow-up

Aim. To evaluate the PhenoAge and biomarkers’ changes in older adults during a 6-month lifestyle modification program. Objective evaluation of aging and the effectiveness of geroprotective interventions is an important task in preventive medicine. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) is a promising tool for assessing biological age.

Material and methods. The prospective study included a cohort of 100 individuals aged 35-55 years. All participants completed a comprehensive program including diet modification, physical activity, and stress management. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Biological age was determined using the PhenoAge calculator (Levine ME, et al., 2018). For analysis, the cohort was stratified into quartiles by baseline PhenoAge. Nonparametric statistical methods with a Bonferroni correction were used.

Results. Over 6 months of follow-up, a significant decrease in PhenoAge was observed, most pronounced in the groups with high baseline values (Q3, Q4). In Q4, the decrease was -6,73% (p<0,001). Acceleration of aging also significantly decreased. PhenoAge changes were associated with a decrease in C-reactive protein levels, an increase in albumin, and the normalization of hematological parameters. No significant changes were observed in the group with low baseline PhenoAge (Q1).

Conclusion. A comprehensive lifestyle modification program significantly reduces biological age, especially in individuals with accelerated aging. The effect is associated with modulation of inflammatory markers and nutritional status, rationalizing biological age screening for personalized prevention.

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